In pytest, the @pytest.skip marker is used to skip a test function when certain conditions are met. This allows you to selectively skip tests based on runtime conditions or configurations.

In Python, you use the dot notation (.) to access the attributes and methods of a class. For example, object.attribute or object.method().

In Python, the syntax def function_name(*args) is used to define a function that can take an arbitrary number of positional arguments. The *args syntax allows you to pass a variable number of arguments to the function.

In Matplotlib, the figure method is used to create a new figure object. A figure object is like a canvas where you can add multiple subplots or axes to create complex plots with multiple elements. It is an essential step when working with Matplotlib.

In Matplotlib, you use the set_xlabel method to set the label for the x-axis. This method allows you to specify the label that appears below the x-axis in your plot.

In NumPy, the maximum function is used to calculate the element-wise maximum of two arrays. It returns a new array containing the element-wise maximum values from the input arrays.

In NumPy, the np.linalg.inv() function is used to compute the inverse of a matrix. This function is essential for various linear algebra operations in NumPy, such as solving linear equations.

In Python, the term "base class" refers to the class that a class inherits from. It's also commonly called a "parent class" or "superclass."

In Flask, the session object is used to store data that is accessible across different parts of an application. It allows you to store user-specific data, such as login information or shopping cart contents, across multiple requests.

In Flask, the @before_request decorator is used to register a function that runs before each request to the application. This is often used for tasks like setting up database connections or authentication checks.