_____ is the Spring Cloud component that simplifies the deployment of microservices by providing solutions to common patterns in distributed systems.

  • Config
  • Eureka
  • Hystrix
  • Ribbon
Spring Cloud Config is the component that simplifies the deployment of microservices by providing solutions to common patterns in distributed systems, such as externalized configuration management.

Which of the following is a core component of reactive programming in Spring Boot?

  • Microservices architecture
  • Observables
  • Servlet-based architecture
  • Synchronous processing
Observables are a core component of reactive programming in Spring Boot. Observables represent data streams that emit events over time. They allow you to work with asynchronous data and events in a reactive manner. By subscribing to observables, you can react to data changes and perform operations on the emitted values, making it a fundamental concept in reactive programming.

In Spring Boot, to apply JSR-303 Bean Validation on method parameters, the _____ annotation is used.

  • @Constraint
  • @PathVariable
  • @RequestParam
  • @Validated
In Spring Boot, to apply JSR-303 Bean Validation on method parameters, you use the @Validated annotation. This annotation is typically applied to controller methods to trigger method-level validation. While the other annotations (@RequestParam, @PathVariable, and @Constraint) have their uses in Spring Boot, they are not specifically used for JSR-303 Bean Validation on method parameters.

How can you customize the security configurations when performing integration testing with @SpringBootTest in Spring Boot?

  • Use the @TestSecurity annotation to configure security settings for the test.
  • Modify the application.properties file for the test environment.
  • Implement a custom SecurityConfigurer class and annotate it with @TestSecurityConfig.
  • Use the @SpringBootTest annotation to enable security configurations automatically.
When performing integration testing with @SpringBootTest, you can customize security configurations by implementing a custom SecurityConfigurer class and annotating it with @TestSecurityConfig. This allows you to provide specific security settings for testing scenarios. Options 1, 2, and 4 are not the standard approaches for customizing security configurations in integration tests.

In a Spring Boot application, which utility is primarily used for performing HTTP requests in integration tests?

  • Apache HttpClient
  • JUnit
  • Mockito
  • TestRestTemplate
The TestRestTemplate utility is primarily used for performing HTTP requests in integration tests in Spring Boot applications. It provides a simple and convenient way to send HTTP requests and receive responses in your tests.

You have a Spring Boot application that integrates with several external services. How would you structure your tests to ensure that the interactions with external services are correctly handled, without actually interacting with the real services during the tests?

  • Use mock objects or libraries like WireMock to simulate external service responses
  • Perform live testing against the real external services
  • Skip testing interactions with external services
  • Rely on the documentation of external services
To ensure correct handling of interactions with external services, you would use mock objects or libraries like WireMock to simulate the responses of external services. This approach allows you to control the behavior of the external services during testing without actually making real requests. Live testing against real external services is not recommended in automated testing as it introduces dependencies and can be unreliable. Skipping testing interactions or relying solely on documentation is not a robust testing strategy.

What is the significance of the client-side load balancer, Ribbon, in a Spring Cloud environment?

  • Ribbon is a tool for asynchronous communication between microservices
  • Ribbon is responsible for registering services with the Eureka server
  • Ribbon is used to dynamically route client requests to multiple instances of a service for load balancing and fault tolerance
  • Ribbon manages service discovery in the Spring Cloud environment
In Spring Cloud, Ribbon is a client-side load balancer that dynamically routes client requests to multiple instances of a service. This helps distribute the load evenly and provides fault tolerance by automatically rerouting requests if a service instance fails.

In JUnit, which annotation is used to execute a method before each test method in the test class?

  • @BeforeClass
  • @BeforeEach
  • @BeforeMethod
  • @BeforeTest
In JUnit, the @BeforeEach annotation is used to execute a method before each test method in the test class. This is often used for setup operations required before each test case.

In a microservices architecture using Spring Cloud, how is service registration managed?

  • Service registration is done manually by developers in the application code
  • Service registration is handled by the Spring Cloud Config server
  • Service registration is managed by services themselves, which send heartbeats and registration information to a central service registry like Eureka
  • Service registration is not necessary in a microservices architecture
In a microservices architecture using Spring Cloud, service registration is typically managed by the services themselves. They send regular heartbeats and registration information to a central service registry like Eureka. This allows other services to discover and communicate with them dynamically.

What is the main purpose of Auto Configuration in Spring Boot?

  • Enable automatic updates for Spring Boot.
  • Generate test cases for Spring Boot applications.
  • Optimize database queries in Spring Boot.
  • Simplify the process of setting up a Spring Boot project.
The primary purpose of Auto Configuration in Spring Boot is to simplify the process of setting up a Spring Boot project. It achieves this by automatically configuring various components and dependencies based on the classpath and the libraries in use, reducing the need for manual configuration. This makes it easier for developers to get started quickly with Spring Boot.