How can you restrict access to specific HTTP methods in Spring Security?

  • By using @RequestMapping annotations
  • By defining custom HTTP headers
  • By using Java annotations like @Secured or @PreAuthorize
  • By configuring the httpMethod attribute in security rules
In Spring Security, you can restrict access to specific HTTP methods by configuring the httpMethod attribute within security rules. This allows you to specify which HTTP methods are allowed or denied for a particular URL pattern. The other options are not used to restrict access to HTTP methods in Spring Security, but rather for other purposes, such as defining mappings or custom headers.

Imagine you are working on a Spring Data JPA project where you need to implement complex dynamic queries. How would you approach designing and implementing such queries to ensure maintainability and performance?

  • Combine multiple queries into a monolithic query to minimize database communication.
  • Use native SQL queries for complex queries to gain maximum performance.
  • Utilize the Criteria API for dynamic query generation, which offers type-safety and flexibility.
  • Utilize the JPA repository's built-in findAll method and filter results programmatically in your application code.
When dealing with complex dynamic queries in Spring Data JPA, it's recommended to use the Criteria API. It provides type-safety, flexibility, and better maintainability compared to native SQL queries. Combining multiple queries into a monolithic one may hinder maintainability and lead to performance issues due to unnecessary data retrieval. Using the findAll method and filtering in your application code can be inefficient, causing the N+1 select issue.

The _____ annotation in Spring Boot is used to provide global exception handling across all @Controller classes.

  • @ControllerAdvice
  • @ExceptionHandler
  • @RequestMapping
  • @ResponseBody
To provide global exception handling across all @Controller classes in Spring Boot, you can use the @ControllerAdvice annotation. It allows you to define global exception handling logic that can be applied to multiple controllers.

In Spring Boot, what is the significance of the @Repository annotation, and how is it different from @Component?

  • It is used for Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) operations.
  • It is used for data access and is a specialization of @Component.
  • It is used for dependency injection.
  • It is used to define external dependencies.
The @Repository annotation in Spring Boot is used specifically for data access operations. It is a specialization of @Component and is used to indicate that the class defines a data repository. @Component, on the other hand, is a more general-purpose annotation for defining Spring beans. @Repository is used to simplify data access configuration and exception translation.

In Spring Boot, to apply validation constraints on a field, the _____ annotation is used along with specific constraint annotations.

  • @Constraint
  • @ConstraintValidation
  • @Validated
  • @Validation
In Spring Boot, the @Validated annotation is used along with specific constraint annotations like @NotBlank, @Min, @Max, etc., to apply validation constraints on a field. The @Validated annotation indicates that the validation should be performed on the annotated field or method parameter. It is a fundamental part of Spring Boot's validation framework.

To conditionally apply caching logic in Spring Boot, developers can use the _____ expression in caching annotations.

  • @CacheCondition
  • @Cacheable
  • @CachingExpression
  • @ConditionalCache
To conditionally apply caching logic in Spring Boot, developers use the @Cacheable annotation. This annotation allows them to specify conditions under which the caching logic should be applied, typically by providing a SpEL (Spring Expression Language) expression. It's a powerful tool for selectively caching method results.

Which annotation is used in Spring Boot to conditionally enable or disable certain parts of auto-configuration based on the presence of specific properties?

  • @ConditionalOnProperty
  • @EnableAutoConfiguration
  • @ConditionalOnClass
  • @Configuration
In Spring Boot, the @ConditionalOnProperty annotation is used to conditionally enable or disable certain parts of auto-configuration based on the presence or absence of specific properties in the application.properties file. This provides fine-grained control over which auto-configuration options are activated based on the application's configuration. The other annotations serve different purposes in Spring Boot.

In Spring, the process of creating an instance of a bean, wiring it up, and making it available for use is called _____

  • Aspect-Oriented Programming
  • Bean Configuration
  • Dependency Injection
  • Inversion of Control (IoC)
In Spring, the process of creating an instance of a bean, wiring it up, and making it available for use is called "Dependency Injection." This core concept of Spring allows for the automatic injection of dependencies into a class, making it more flexible and easier to manage. Inversion of Control (IoC) is a broader concept that encompasses Dependency Injection. Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) and Bean Configuration are related but not the exact terms used for this specific process.

To include Spring MVC in a Spring Boot project, the _____ starter dependency should be added.

  • spring-boot-mvc-starter
  • spring-boot-web-starter
  • spring-mvc-starter
  • spring-web-starter
To include Spring MVC in a Spring Boot project, the spring-boot-starter-web dependency should be added. This starter includes the necessary libraries and configurations to set up Spring MVC in a Spring Boot application. It simplifies the integration of Spring MVC and provides a solid foundation for building web applications using Spring Boot.

You notice that a Spring Boot application is not evicting cache entries as expected, leading to outdated data being served. How would you diagnose and resolve this issue?

  • Check the cache eviction policy configuration and ensure it's appropriately set.
  • Increase the cache timeout values to prevent eviction.
  • Monitor the cache utilization and memory consumption to identify issues.
  • Restart the Spring Boot application to clear the cache.
When cache entries are not being evicted as expected, it's crucial to check and correct the cache eviction policy configuration. Increasing timeout values may not solve the problem and could lead to stale data. Monitoring cache utilization and memory consumption helps identify issues. Restarting the application is a heavy-handed approach and may not address the root cause.