To secure REST APIs in Spring Security, the _____ class can be used to ensure that the user is authenticated for any HTTP request.
- AuthenticationFilter
- AuthorizationFilter
- SecurityFilterChain
- UserDetailsService
In Spring Security, the SecurityFilterChain class is used to ensure that the user is authenticated for any HTTP request. It defines a chain of filters that can be applied to incoming requests to handle various security-related tasks, including authentication. This class is essential for securing REST APIs.
In Spring Boot, how do you customize the behavior of a mocked object for specific arguments using Mockito?
- By using the @InjectMocks annotation
- By using the @Mockito annotation
- By using the @Spy annotation
- By using the when(...).thenReturn(...) syntax
To customize the behavior of a mocked object for specific arguments using Mockito in Spring Boot, you can use the when(...).thenReturn(...) syntax. This allows you to specify the return value of a method call based on the input arguments. The other annotations mentioned are used for different purposes in Mockito.
In Spring Security, the _____ annotation is used to apply security constraints based on complex expressions.
- @Authorize
- @PreAuthorize
- @Secure
- @Secured
In Spring Security, the @PreAuthorize annotation is used to apply security constraints based on complex expressions. These expressions are defined using the Spring Expression Language (SpEL) and allow fine-grained control over method access.
When using JSR-303 Bean Validation, how can you validate a field’s value against a dynamic value or condition?
- By hardcoding the dynamic value directly in the annotation
- Using @AssertTrue with a custom validation method
- Using @ValueConstraint to specify dynamic values
- Using a custom validator class that accesses the dynamic value externally
When using JSR-303 Bean Validation, you can validate a field's value against a dynamic value or condition by using @AssertTrue with a custom validation method (Option 2). This method allows you to implement your logic to validate the field against dynamic values or external conditions. Hardcoding the dynamic value directly in the annotation (Option 1) is not flexible and should be avoided.
The @Secured annotation in Spring Security is used to secure _____.
- controllers
- endpoints
- methods
- resources
The @Secured annotation in Spring Security is used to secure methods within a class. It allows you to specify roles or authorities required to access those methods. This is often used for method-level access control.
In Spring Boot, the _____ annotation is used to define a method that should be invoked to handle an exception thrown during the execution of controller methods.
- @ExceptionHandler
- @ExceptionResolver
- @ControllerAdvice
- @ExceptionAdvice
In Spring Boot, the @ExceptionHandler annotation is used to define a method that should be invoked to handle an exception thrown during the execution of controller methods. This annotation allows you to specify a method that will handle exceptions specific to a particular controller or globally across all controllers. The other options are not used for this purpose in Spring Boot.
What is the primary purpose of Connection Pooling in Spring Boot applications?
- Efficiently manage database connections
- Securely store database credentials
- Automatically create database tables
- Optimize the application's UI
The primary purpose of connection pooling in Spring Boot applications is to efficiently manage database connections. Connection pooling helps reuse and recycle database connections, reducing the overhead of creating and closing connections for each database operation. This improves the performance and scalability of Spring Boot applications. The other options are not the primary purpose of connection pooling.
In a Spring Boot application, how can you specify the conditions under which a method's cache can be evicted?
- By using the @CacheEvict annotation and specifying the condition attribute.
- By calling the cache.evict() method with a condition check in your code.
- By setting the spring.cache.eviction property in the application.properties file.
- By using the @EvictionCondition annotation.
You can specify the conditions under which a method's cache can be evicted in a Spring Boot application by using the @CacheEvict annotation and specifying the condition attribute. This attribute allows you to define a SpEL (Spring Expression Language) expression that determines whether the eviction should occur. The other options are not standard ways to specify eviction conditions in Spring Boot and are not recommended practices.
You are assigned to write unit tests for a Spring Boot application where a method in the service layer is interacting with the database. How would you test this method ensuring that any interaction with the database is mocked?
- Use a live database for testing to ensure realistic results.
- Configure a separate test database for unit tests.
- Use a database mocking framework like H2 for testing.
- Manually mock the database interactions in the test code.
To ensure that database interactions are mocked in unit tests, you should use a database mocking framework like H2 or configure a separate test database. This allows you to simulate database behavior without connecting to a live database.
Suppose you are working on a Spring Boot project where you have to switch between different database configurations based on the environment (dev, test, prod). How would you manage and implement the configuration properties for different environments efficiently?
- Embed configuration properties directly in the application code to avoid external dependencies.
- Store configuration properties in a database and fetch them dynamically based on the environment.
- Use Spring Boot's profiles and externalized configuration to maintain separate property files for each environment.
- Use a single configuration file for all environments and rely on runtime flags to switch between configurations.
In Spring Boot, you can efficiently manage configuration properties for different environments by using profiles and externalized configuration. This approach allows you to maintain separate property files for each environment (e.g., application-dev.properties, application-test.properties, application-prod.properties) and activate the appropriate profile at runtime. Embedding properties directly in code or using a single file for all environments can lead to maintenance challenges and lack of flexibility. Storing properties in a database introduces unnecessary complexity.