What is the main advantage of integrating automated testing into a Continuous Integration process?
- Ensuring code is deployment-ready at any time
- Increasing code coverage
- Reducing the manual review time
- Saving costs on testing tools
Integrating automated testing into Continuous Integration ensures that any change to the software is automatically tested, ensuring that the software is always in a deployable state. It provides quick feedback to developers and reduces the time to release new updates.
The black-box testing technique which is specifically based on system models, such as state-transition diagrams or flowgraphs, is called _______ testing.
- Boundary Value
- Functional
- Regression
- State-transition
State-transition testing is a black-box testing technique that's based on system models. It uses state-transition diagrams or flowgraphs to capture system behavior. Test cases can then be designed to cover state transitions, ensuring that the system behaves as expected when transitioning from one state to another.
How does Configuration Management support the maintenance phase of a software product?
- By automating code deployment
- By detecting code vulnerabilities
- By facilitating code reviews
- By tracking product versions
During the maintenance phase, the software may undergo several updates or patches. Configuration Management supports this phase by keeping track of various product versions and ensuring that any changes or fixes are made to the correct version, minimizing risks and ensuring the product's integrity.
Which type of testing focuses on the interfaces between units and components?
- Functional Testing
- Interface Testing
- System Testing
- Unit Testing
Interface Testing specifically focuses on ensuring that the interfaces or interactions between units or components work correctly. This includes checking data flow, error conditions, and coordination processes between interconnected modules.
Which type of attack tries multiple combinations of credentials to gain unauthorized access and can be detected through security testing?
- Brute Force Attack
- Cross-Site Scripting
- Phishing Attack
- SQL Injection
A Brute Force Attack involves cybercriminals systematically attempting all possible combinations of passwords or encryption keys until the correct one is found. Through security testing, repeated failed login attempts or unusual system calls can be detected, signifying potential brute force attempts.
Consider you are a security tester for a new web application. You identify a potential vulnerability that allows for data injection into the system. What type of vulnerability have you likely found?
- Buffer Overflow
- Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
- Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)
- SQL Injection
SQL Injection is a type of vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious SQL code into an application, thereby gaining unauthorized access to a database and fetching/altering its contents. While XSS and Buffer Overflows are vulnerabilities, they aren't typically associated with direct data injection into databases.
Imagine you've implemented CI/CD in your project, and the build breaks often, causing delays. What steps can be taken to minimize the build breakages and ensure seamless integration?
- Adopt a trunk-based development approach
- Increase manual testing efforts
- Limit the frequency of commits
- Prioritize fixing broken builds
Prioritizing fixing broken builds ensures that whenever a build breaks, it becomes the top priority for the team to address. By resolving build issues immediately, it reduces the chances of compounded issues later on. This practice creates a culture of accountability and immediate feedback, ensuring that the CI/CD process remains smooth and that broken builds are addressed promptly.
When the same script can be run with multiple sets of data, it's often referred to as a _______ approach in automation scripting.
- Data-Driven
- Functional
- Modular
- Regression
The Data-Driven approach in automation scripting means that the same script or set of scripts is executed with multiple sets of data. This approach allows for reusability of test scripts and validation of multiple data sets with a single script, enhancing the efficiency of automated testing.
The process of deciding how to approach and plan areas of risk in the project is known as risk _______.
- identification
- management
- mitigation
- response
The term "risk response" refers to the process of deciding how to approach, address, and handle identified risks in a project. It includes actions like accepting the risk, transferring it, mitigating it, or avoiding it. Effective risk response planning ensures that risks are managed proactively.
You are tasked with automating a frequently changing application. What scripting technique would be most effective in minimizing maintenance overhead?
- Data-driven testing
- Hard coding values
- Keyword-driven testing
- Using a record-and-playback tool
Keyword-driven testing uses a set of custom keywords to represent different actions or functionalities in a test, making the scripts more modular and easier to maintain. When an application changes frequently, this approach allows for centralized modifications, reducing the overhead associated with each change as opposed to hard coding or simple record-and-playback techniques.