Automated testing offers several advantages over manual testing, but its primary benefit is the reusability of test scripts. Once created, automated tests can be run multiple times across different versions of the software, ensuring consistency and saving time, especially for regression testing scenarios.

Conversion Testing is focused on optimizing user actions to achieve specific goals, like making a purchase or signing up. In the context of an e-commerce site, a drop in sales and registrations post-redesign indicates a possible issue in the user's journey or experience, which Conversion Testing can help identify and rectify.

Stubs are used in incremental integration testing as placeholders for modules that have not yet been developed. They simulate the behavior of these missing modules and allow testing to continue in the presence of incomplete components.

Regularly updating and maintaining an automated test suite is crucial to ensure that the suite is always in sync with the current version of the application. As software evolves, test cases that were once relevant might become obsolete, and new test scenarios may arise. Maintenance ensures the suite remains effective and reflective of current needs.

Cyclomatic Complexity is a white-box testing metric used to determine the complexity of a program. It calculates the number of linearly independent paths through a program's source code. A higher complexity score can indicate areas of the code that might be riskier or overlooked during testing, thus requiring more thorough testing.

One of the main challenges with automated testing is ensuring that test scripts can be easily maintained over time. As the application evolves, the test scripts need to be updated, making maintenance a pivotal concern for ensuring the relevance of automated tests.

"Defect Age" is a testing metric that measures the period between when a defect is introduced into the code and when it is detected. This metric helps in understanding the efficiency of the testing process over time.

"Triage" is the phase in the bug life cycle where bugs are prioritized based on factors like their severity, impact, and the resources available. During this phase, the team decides the urgency and the order in which the bugs should be addressed. Verification is the process of checking if the bug has been fixed, while Reproduction is reproducing the reported bug.

UI elements can change their position, style, or other properties frequently. Using dynamic XPath locators allows test scripts to identify elements based on their unique relationships and properties rather than fixed coordinates or attributes that might change. This method ensures greater adaptability and reduces the chance of script failures due to minor UI adjustments.

"Unit Testing" focuses on the smallest unit of the software design (like functions, methods, or classes). Each unit is tested in isolation to discover any discrepancies between its expected and actual outcomes.