Optimistic locking in database transactions prevents blocking but may lead to conflicts, while pessimistic locking reduces contention but can cause blocking due to exclusive locks.

Database indexing plays a crucial role in query optimization by speeding up data retrieval. Indexes provide faster access to specific data, reducing the time it takes to execute queries, especially in scenarios with large datasets.

Reducing the number of repeated SQL queries can significantly improve performance in a web application.

The tag is used to define a servlet in the web.xml file. The element specifies the fully qualified name of the servlet class, providing the configuration necessary for the servlet container to manage the servlet.

The practice of breaking down a transaction into smaller parts to reduce locking is known as Batch Processing, where a transaction is divided into smaller batches to minimize the duration of locks and increase concurrency.

In database optimization, caching refers to the process of storing frequently accessed data in a temporary storage area, reducing the need to fetch it from the original source repeatedly.

Connection Pooling in JDBC helps in reusing the same connection for multiple database operations, enhancing efficiency and reducing the overhead of opening and closing connections repeatedly.

The ability of an ORM framework to automatically generate SQL queries from object-oriented code is known as Auto-Generating, streamlining the process of interacting with databases using object-oriented code.

Strategies such as caching, database indexing, query optimization, and load balancing can be effective in optimizing an application that frequently queries a large database.

Approaches like using CDN, load balancing, caching, and query optimization can help minimize the load on the database server in a high-traffic web application.