In large state trees, the principle that allows unchanged parts of the old state and the new state to point to the same memory locations is called Structural Sharing. This technique is essential in state management libraries like Redux to optimize memory usage and enhance performance when updating state. It doesn't involve garbage collection, memory reuse in the same sense, or referential equality as the primary goal.

To efficiently provide the theme information to a deeply nested button without prop drilling, you can use React's useContext hook. This hook allows you to access the theme information from a context provider higher in the component tree without passing it down as props. Using third-party libraries or URL parameters is not the most straightforward and efficient approach, and using a global JavaScript variable can lead to issues with component re-renders and isn't recommended.

The primary benefit of using immutable state in React applications is that it leads to predictable and reliable application behavior. Immutable state prevents unexpected changes and side effects, making it easier to reason about how the application behaves. It does not significantly impact memory usage and, in many cases, can improve performance by enabling efficient change detection. Complex debugging is reduced due to the predictability of immutable state.

Apollo Client is primarily used in the context of GraphQL to query and manage data from a GraphQL server. It simplifies data fetching, caching, and state management for GraphQL queries and mutations in React applications. It is not related to styling or unit testing React components, which are different concerns.

The primary purpose of using GraphQL with React is to efficiently fetch and manage data from a server. GraphQL allows you to request only the data you need, reducing over-fetching and under-fetching of data, which can be common in RESTful APIs. While React manages state and rendering, GraphQL focuses on data retrieval and manipulation.

When a WebSocket connection is closed unexpectedly, the WebSocket object emits an error event. This event is crucial for handling unexpected disconnections and potential issues in your WebSocket communication. Developers can listen for this event and implement error-handling logic as needed.

When using CSS-in-JS libraries extensively, one concern is the increased JavaScript bundle size. These libraries often generate JavaScript code to handle styles, which can bloat the bundle size. This can impact website performance, especially on slower networks. The other options do not accurately represent the primary performance concern associated with CSS-in-JS libraries.

TypeScript enhances the development experience in large-scale React projects by providing advanced features for type checking, which catch errors at compile time and improve code quality. This helps prevent runtime issues, especially in complex applications. While other options may be valuable in a React project, they are not the primary ways TypeScript enhances development in this context.

In this scenario, Higher-Order Components (HOCs) are a suitable choice. HOCs allow you to share logic between multiple components without altering the component tree structure. You can wrap components with an HOC to provide them with additional functionality, making it a powerful tool for reusing logic across your React application. The other options are not primarily designed for this specific use case.

To transform an Immutable.js List into a native JavaScript array, you would use the method toArray(). This method is used to convert an Immutable.js List into a plain JavaScript array, making it easier to work with native JavaScript functions.