Higher Order Components (HOCs) are typically used for cross-cutting concerns like user authentication, logging, and managing global application state. However, adding local state to a single component is not ideally suited for a HOC. Local component state can be managed within the component itself without the need for a HOC. Therefore, option 3 is not the ideal scenario for HOC usage.

When making API calls in a React component, handling asynchronous operations is a common side effect. This is because API calls are typically asynchronous, and it's important to ensure that the component can manage these operations effectively without causing blocking or errors. While managing component state is crucial in React, it's not specific to API calls. The use of lifecycle methods and styling are also important but not specific to API calls.

In styled-components, the component used to create global styles that apply across the entire application is called "GlobalStyles." This allows you to define styles that affect all components in your application, making it a powerful tool for maintaining a consistent look and feel. Other options are not typically used for this purpose in styled-components.

React Portals enable rendering children into a DOM node that exists outside the DOM hierarchy of the parent component. This is useful for scenarios like modals or tooltips, where you want to render content outside the typical component hierarchy. By choosing the correct option, "Outside," you ensure that content can be rendered independently of the parent's DOM structure, providing flexibility and control in your UI design.

The MobX utility "when" can be used to create a custom reaction based on observable changes. "when" allows you to create a reaction that runs only when a specified condition is met, which can be useful for handling specific cases or side effects based on changes in observables. This utility provides fine-grained control over when reactions are triggered, beyond the automatic reactions provided by "autorun" or "computed."

The caching strategy that fetches the resource from the cache first and, if not present, then fetches it from the network is known as "Cache-First." In this strategy, the browser checks the cache for a response before making a network request. This approach helps improve website performance and load times by serving resources from the cache when available.

Components that manage and maintain their own state are referred to as stateful components. These components hold their own state data and are responsible for rendering and updating it. Stateless components, on the other hand, do not manage their own state and rely on props passed to them.

To lazily load product details in a React app, you would typically leverage the React Suspense feature in combination with React.lazy(). Suspense allows you to specify loading behavior for components, and React.lazy() lets you load components lazily, which is suitable for this scenario. useEffect() is used for managing side effects, Route is for routing, and Context is for state management, not specifically for lazy loading.

In React, you typically bind an event handler in the constructor using an arrow function, as shown in option 1. This is done to ensure that the value of this within the event handler refers to the component instance. While option 2 is also correct, it's not the recommended way. Option 3 is incorrect, and option 4 is not accurate, as binding is often necessary to avoid issues with the value of this.

In React Router, the difference between exact and strict when defining a Route is that exact ensures that the route matches exactly with the path, ignoring trailing slashes, while strict ensures that the route matches exactly with the path, including trailing slashes. This is useful for handling route matching with or without trailing slashes. The other options are not accurate descriptions of exact and strict in the context of React Router.