You are reviewing a piece of code where the developer imported the numpy library as np and the pandas library as pd. These are examples of what concept in Python?
- Alias Importing
- Function Importing
- Module Importing
- Package Importing
Importing libraries with aliases like 'np' and 'pd' is an example of alias importing in Python, which allows you to use shorter names for modules.
In the context of OOP in Python, what is the significance of the __slots__ attribute?
- It defines private methods
- It enables multiple inheritance
- It is used to define instance variables
- It restricts the number of attributes a class can have
The __slots__ attribute in Python is used to restrict the number of attributes (instance variables) a class can have. This can be useful for memory optimization and preventing the accidental creation of new attributes.
How does Python store tuples internally that allows for their hashable property?
- Tuples are stored as a linked list.
- Tuples are stored as a sequence of bytes.
- Tuples use a hash function.
- Tuples use a unique identifier.
Python stores tuples internally as a sequence of bytes, and this immutability allows them to be hashable. The hash value is computed from the content of the tuple, making them suitable for use as keys in dictionaries.
The process of assigning a value to a variable for the first time is called variable _______.
- Assignment
- Declaration
- Definition
- Initialization
The process of assigning a value to a variable for the first time is called variable initialization.
You have a list data = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]. You need to add the numbers 2, 4, 6, 8 to the list such that the list remains sorted. Which approach will be most efficient?
- data += [2, 4, 6, 8]
- data.extend([2, 4, 6, 8])
- data.insert(2, [2, 4, 6, 8])
- data.sort()
The most efficient approach is to use 'data += [2, 4, 6, 8]' as it directly appends the sorted numbers to the list, maintaining the sorted order.
Using the super() function without any arguments inside a derived class method implicitly refers to the _______ class.
- Ancestor
- Base
- Derived
- Parent
Using super() without any arguments inside a derived class method refers to the base class. It's commonly used to access and invoke methods and properties of the base class.
Which Python object can be used to create a simple context manager without defining a class?
- @contextmanager decorator
- contextlib.ExitStack()
- contextlib.AbstractContextManager()
- contextlib.contextmanager()
The contextlib.contextmanager() decorator is used to create a simple context manager without defining a class. Other options are used for different purposes related to context management.
In Python, a multi-line string can be defined using _______ characters.
- Double quotes
- Single quotes
- Triple quotes
- Triple single-quotes
In Python, a multi-line string can be defined using triple single-quotes ('''...''') or triple double-quotes ("""...""").
What is the difference between *args and **kwargs in Python function definitions?
- *args and **kwargs are identical and can be used interchangeably.
- *args is used for keyword arguments, and **kwargs is used for positional arguments.
- *args is used for positional arguments, and **kwargs is used for keyword arguments.
- *args is used for unpacking an iterable, and **kwargs is used for multiple return values.
In Python function definitions, *args is used to pass a variable-length list of positional arguments, while **kwargs is used to pass a variable-length list of keyword arguments. They allow for flexibility in function parameters.
What is the primary purpose of the init.py file in a Python package?
- To define package-level variables
- To indicate that the package is executable
- To make the directory a Python package
- To serve as the package's documentation
The init.py file is used to make a directory a Python package. It allows you to organize related modules into a single package, making it easier to import and manage them. Python versions 3.3 and later do not require this file, but it's still good practice for compatibility.