How can you integrate a Python back-end with a Single Page Application (SPA) framework like Angular or React?
- Create RESTful APIs
- Embed Python code in SPA components
- Use SOAP protocols
- Utilize Django templates
To integrate a Python back-end with an SPA framework like Angular or React, you should create RESTful APIs. This allows the front-end to communicate with the back-end through standardized HTTP requests, enabling data retrieval and manipulation.
How can you invoke the method of a superclass from a subclass?
- By calling the superclass method directly
- By importing the superclass module
- By using the extends keyword
- Using the super() function
In Python, you invoke the method of a superclass from a subclass using the super() function. This allows you to access and call methods from the superclass within the subclass.
How can you detect a cycle in a linked list?
- Breadth-First Search (BFS)
- Depth-First Search (DFS)
- Floyd's Tortoise and Hare Algorithm
- Linear Search
You can detect a cycle in a linked list using Floyd's Tortoise and Hare Algorithm. This algorithm uses two pointers moving at different speeds to traverse the list. If there's a cycle, the two pointers will eventually meet. It's an efficient O(n) algorithm for cycle detection.
How can you dynamically create a new type (class) at runtime in Python?
- Using closures
- Using decorators
- Using list comprehensions
- Using metaclasses
You can dynamically create a new type (class) at runtime in Python by using metaclasses. Metaclasses allow you to define the behavior of classes themselves. Decorators are used to modify the behavior of functions or methods, not to create classes. Closures and list comprehensions are not directly related to class creation.
How can you ensure that user-uploaded files in a web application are securely handled when integrating Python back-end with front-end technologies?
- Allow direct access to uploaded files to improve performance.
- Implement proper file validation, authentication, and authorization.
- Store user-uploaded files in a publicly accessible directory.
- Use third-party services to handle file uploads.
To ensure the secure handling of user-uploaded files, you should implement proper file validation to check file types and content, authentication to ensure that only authorized users can upload files, and authorization to control who can access the files. Storing files in a publicly accessible directory can be a security risk.
In Python, which operator has the highest precedence?
- * (Multiplication)
- ** (Exponentiation)
- + (Addition)
- / (Division)
In Python, the double asterisk '**' operator, used for exponentiation, has the highest precedence among all operators. It is evaluated before other operators in an expression.
How can you ensure that your optimizations do not introduce errors into a Python program?
- a) Avoid code reviews to prevent introducing errors.
- b) Write extensive comments to explain the code.
- c) Use automated tests and unit tests to verify correctness.
- d) Optimize without testing as testing can be time-consuming.
To ensure that optimizations do not introduce errors, automated tests and unit tests (c) are crucial. Code reviews (a) are important but are meant for catching issues, not avoiding them altogether. Writing comments (b) is a good practice for code documentation but doesn't ensure correctness. Skipping testing (d) can lead to unforeseen issues, and testing is an essential part of the optimization process.
How can you implement setup code that needs to run before any tests or test cases in a pytest module?
- Use a function named setup in the pytest module
- Use the @pytest.before decorator
- Use the @pytest.setup decorator
- Use the conftest.py file with fixtures
To implement setup code that runs before any tests or test cases in a pytest module, you should use the conftest.py file and define fixtures that provide the necessary setup. These fixtures can be used by multiple test modules.
How can you implement WebSocket in a Flask application to enable real-time functionality?
- Add WebSocket support directly in Flask's core library.
- Use Django instead of Flask to implement WebSocket functionality.
- Use regular HTTP routes in Flask and JavaScript's setInterval for polling.
- Use the Flask-SocketIO extension to add WebSocket support. Create WebSocket routes using the @socketio.on decorator. Implement server-side logic for real-time interactions.
To enable real-time functionality in a Flask application, Flask-SocketIO is a popular extension. It allows you to implement WebSocket routes and server-side logic for real-time interactions. Polling (Option 2) is not an efficient real-time solution.
How can you include JavaScript functionality in a web page developed using a Python web framework?
- By directly importing JavaScript files in the HTML
- By embedding JavaScript code within HTML script tags
- By including JavaScript code in the CSS
- By using the Python import statement
You can include JavaScript functionality in a web page developed using a Python web framework by embedding JavaScript code within HTML script tags. This allows you to write JavaScript code directly in your HTML files to add interactivity and dynamic behavior to your web pages. Importing JavaScript files or using Python's import statement is not the typical way to include JavaScript in a web page. CSS is used for styling, not for adding functionality.