The base class from which all exceptions inherit in Python is 'BaseException'. It's the root of the exception hierarchy and provides common methods like str() and args for all exceptions.

In Python, the finally keyword is used to create a block of code that always runs, even if an exception is raised. It is commonly used for cleanup tasks.

In Python, dictionaries can use immutable data types, such as strings and tuples, as keys because they are hashable and can be used to create unique hash values. However, lists are mutable, and their contents can change, so they cannot be used as dictionary keys.

The primary distinguishing feature of elements in a Python set is that they are unique, meaning there are no duplicate elements in a set. Sets are also unordered, which means they don't have a specific order.

By default, when you execute a Python script, the 'name' attribute holds the value "main," indicating that the script is the main program.

Polymorphism allows a single interface or method name to represent different implementations in derived classes. It enables flexibility and dynamic method dispatch in object-oriented programming.

In Python, when defining a property named 'value,' the corresponding setter decorator should be '@value.setter.'

Python is known for its dynamic typing, meaning you don't have to declare variable types. Static typing, on the other hand, requires explicit type declarations. Python's other features include easy-to-read syntax and being an interpreted language, making it different from statically typed languages.

The operator '//' performs truncated division. It returns the integer part of the result of division, discarding the decimal part.

To ensure data consistency, write data to a temporary file first, and then replace the original file. This way, if the application crashes during writing, the original file remains intact.