In PHP, the namespace separator is represented by ________.
- .
- :
- ;
In PHP, the backslash () is used as the namespace separator. It's used to separate namespaces and access classes and functions within namespaces.
The practice of writing code that anticipates and gracefully handles potential issues is known as ________.
- Exception Handling
- Defensive Programming
- Code Optimization
- Bug Avoidance
Defensive Programming involves proactively addressing potential issues in code, making it more robust and error-resistant.
How can you prevent the display of PHP errors on a production website while still logging them?
- Set display_errors to Off in PHP configuration
- Use error_reporting(E_ALL) to suppress error display, while configuring a custom error handler for logging
- Enable error_reporting(E_ALL) to display errors only for the admin
- Use PHP's debug_backtrace() to hide errors from public view, while logging them
To prevent the display of PHP errors on a production website while logging them, you should configure a custom error handler to log errors and set display_errors to Off in the PHP configuration.
In a typical CRUD operation, what does the "U" stand for?
- Update
- Utilize
- Understand
- Unify
In a typical CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operation, "U" stands for "Update." It signifies the process of modifying existing data in a database or system.
You are developing a web application where users can submit comments. Which of the following techniques would you implement to ensure that malicious scripts aren't executed when other users view the comments?
- Input Validation and Sanitization
- Server-Side Rendering (SSR)
- Using Base64 Encoding
- Implementing Captcha Verification
Input Validation and Sanitization are key to preventing Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks. These techniques ensure that user input is thoroughly checked and sanitized to prevent the execution of malicious scripts when displaying comments. SSR, Base64 encoding, and Captcha are useful in other contexts but do not directly prevent XSS.
Which superglobal array is used to access session variables in PHP?
- $_GET
- $_POST
- $_SESSION
- $_COOKIE
The superglobal array used to access session variables in PHP is $_SESSION. It stores session data that can be accessed across multiple pages during a user's session.
When using PDO in PHP, which method is typically used to execute a prepared statement?
- execute()
- query()
- fetch()
- prepare()
In PDO (PHP Data Objects), the 'execute()' method is typically used to execute a prepared statement. It is used after preparing the statement with 'prepare()' to execute the query.
Which control structure is best suited for executing a block of code multiple times based on a condition?
- if statement
- for loop
- switch statement
- while loop
A 'for' loop is ideal for executing code repeatedly based on a condition, typically with an initialization, condition, and increment expression.
What is the main difference between a LEFT JOIN and a RIGHT JOIN in SQL?
- LEFT JOIN returns unmatched rows from the left table, RIGHT JOIN from the right table
- LEFT JOIN returns all rows from both tables, RIGHT JOIN only matching rows
- LEFT JOIN and RIGHT JOIN are the same, just synonyms for the same operation
- LEFT JOIN is used for numeric data, RIGHT JOIN for text data
The main difference between a LEFT JOIN and a RIGHT JOIN in SQL is that a LEFT JOIN returns all the rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table, including unmatched rows from the left. In contrast, a RIGHT JOIN returns all the rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table, including unmatched rows from the right.
What is the primary purpose of namespaces in PHP?
- Avoiding naming conflicts
- Grouping related functions
- Controlling access to functions
- Managing database connections
The primary purpose of namespaces in PHP is to avoid naming conflicts. It allows you to create distinct, isolated spaces for your code, preventing naming clashes in large projects.