When using the Buffer.concat(list[, totalLength]) method in Node.js, if the totalLength is not provided, it is calculated from the ______ of the buffers in the list.
- length
- size
- capacity
- content
When totalLength is not provided, the Buffer.concat method calculates it based on the length of the buffers in the list. The length represents the number of bytes in each buffer being concatenated.
Which feature in Pug allows for writing reusable and maintainable code?
- Mixins
- Extends
- Includes
- Blocks
In Pug, the mixins feature allows you to write reusable and maintainable code. Mixins are similar to functions and can be called to generate HTML markup with parameters, making your code more modular and easier to maintain. The other options are used for different purposes in Pug templates.
Which method of the http module is used to create an HTTP server in Node.js?
- http.createServer()
- http.createHTTPServer()
- http.newServer()
- http.initServer()
In Node.js, you create an HTTP server using the http.createServer() method. This method returns an instance of the HTTP server that can listen for incoming HTTP requests. The other options do not exist in the http module.
Node.js uses ________ to achieve Non-Blocking I/O operations, allowing it to handle many connections simultaneously.
- Callbacks
- Promises
- Threads
- Synchronous
Node.js uses Callbacks to achieve Non-Blocking I/O operations. When a task is completed, a callback function is executed, allowing Node.js to handle many connections simultaneously without blocking the execution of other tasks.
For processing HTTP requests, Express.js allows defining middleware functions at the application level and ______ level.
- route
- request
- response
- router
In Express.js, you can define middleware functions at both the application level and router level. These middleware functions can be used to handle different parts of the request-processing pipeline.
In Express, ______ is used to match any route that has not been matched by earlier routes.
- default
- fallback
- wildcard
- catch-all
In Express.js, a catch-all or wildcard route is used to match any route that has not been matched by earlier routes. This is often used for creating custom error handlers or handling undefined routes.
The aud claim in a JWT token represents the ________ for which the JWT is intended.
- Audience
- Issuer
- Expiration
- Subject
The "aud" (audience) claim in a JWT (JSON Web Token) represents the intended audience for which the JWT is intended. It specifies the recipients or systems that are expected to process the token. The "iss" (issuer) claim (Option 2) identifies the entity that issued the token. The "exp" (expiration) claim (Option 3) indicates the time after which the token should not be accepted. The "sub" (subject) claim (Option 4) typically identifies the subject of the token, often the user or system the token represents.
In JavaScript, the ______ method is used to iterate over all enumerable properties of an object.
- for loop
- forEach
- while loop
- iterate
The forEach method is used in JavaScript to iterate over all enumerable properties of an object. It is commonly used with arrays to perform an action on each item. The for loop and while loop are general looping constructs and not specific to object iteration. iterate is not a standard method.
Which of the following methods in JavaScript will remove the last element from an array and return that element?
- pop()
- shift()
- splice()
- unshift()
The pop() method in JavaScript is used to remove the last element from an array and return that element. It modifies the original array by removing the last element. The other options (shift(), splice(), and unshift()) are used for different array operations.
Which of the following is true regarding built-in middlewares in Express.js?
- Built-in middlewares cannot be customized or extended.
- You can modify the behavior of built-in middlewares, but you cannot remove them.
- Built-in middlewares can be completely disabled if not needed.
- You can add custom middlewares, but built-in ones cannot be used.
In Express.js, you can completely disable built-in middlewares if they are not needed, allowing for customization and control over the middleware stack.