A model that makes decisions without being able to provide clear reasoning behind them lacks ________.
- Transparency
- Performance
- Speed
- Scalability
Transparency in a model is the ability to explain its decision-making, which is crucial for trust, auditing, and regulatory compliance.
A hospital is trying to reduce the readmission rates of patients. They decide to use historical patient data, including treatment details, doctor's notes, and patient feedback. Which machine learning approach in healthcare would be most suitable for this?
- Natural Language Processing (NLP)
- Supervised Learning
- Reinforcement Learning
- Unsupervised Learning
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the most suitable approach for extracting insights from textual data like doctor's notes and patient feedback, which can help in reducing readmission rates.
What is the primary challenge addressed by the multi-armed bandit problem?
- Balancing Exploration and Exploitation
- Image Recognition
- Language Translation
- Voice Assistant Development
The primary challenge of the multi-armed bandit problem is to balance Exploration (trying new actions) and Exploitation (choosing known good actions) to maximize cumulative rewards in a limited time.
In logistic regression, the log odds of the dependent variable is modeled as a linear combination of the independent variables using the ________ function.
- Hypothesis
- Logit
- Probability
- Sigmoid
In logistic regression, the log odds of the dependent variable is modeled using the Logit function. The Logit function is the inverse of the sigmoid function and is used to map linear combinations of independent variables to the range of real numbers.
A model that consistently predicts the same output regardless of the input data is said to have high ________.
- Accuracy
- Consistency
- Precision
- Variability
When a model consistently predicts the same output, it is considered to have high "consistency." This means it's not providing useful or varied predictions, which can be a problem in machine learning.
Hierarchical clustering that starts with each data point as its own cluster and gradually merges them is termed as ________ hierarchical clustering.
- Agglomerative
- Divisive
- Exclusive
- Partitioning
Agglomerative hierarchical clustering is the method where individual data points begin as clusters and then merge step by step based on similarity until they form a single cluster.
Which neural network architecture is specifically designed to work with sequences of data, such as time series or natural language?
- Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
- Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
- Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
- Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are designed for sequential data. They maintain hidden states that capture sequential dependencies, making them suitable for time series and language modeling.
In the k-NN algorithm, when two classes have a similar number of instances close to a test data point, the choice of an odd 'k' can help to avoid ________
- Ambiguity
- Bias
- Overfitting
- Underfitting
When two classes have a similar number of instances nearby, using an odd 'k' value can help avoid ambiguity in classifying the test data point, as it prevents ties. An even 'k' can lead to ties, making classification less clear.
What term refers to the ability to understand and interpret machine learning model decisions?
- Explainability
- Predictability
- Efficiency
- Generalization
Explainability is the term that refers to the ability to understand and interpret machine learning model decisions. It's crucial for trust and accountability in AI systems.
The balance between taking known rewarding actions and discovering new ones is termed as the ________ dilemma.
- Exploration-Exploitation
- Action-Selection
- Reinforcement-Reward
- Decision-Making
This is known as the Exploration-Exploitation dilemma, which is central in Reinforcement Learning, referring to the balance between exploiting known actions for rewards and exploring new actions to discover more rewarding ones.