If a remote server is not accessible via its hostname, checking the /etc/hosts file is a good starting point. This file contains mappings of hostnames to IP addresses, and if there's an issue with name resolution, it's often related to this file.

In shell scripting, the while loop continues executing as long as the specified condition remains true. It's a common choice for creating loops based on a condition, and it's used for tasks like reading files line by line or performing repetitive tasks.

To monitor I/O statistics and disk activity in real-time in Linux, you would use the iostat command. It provides detailed information about input and output operations, helping you identify performance bottlenecks related to disk I/O.

The 'strace' tool is used to trace system calls and signals in Linux. It allows you to monitor the system calls made by a process and view the signals sent to it. This is useful for debugging and understanding how applications interact with the kernel.

To ensure that a specific service always restarts after failure in Linux, you would primarily use Systemd. Systemd is a modern init system that provides a feature-rich service management system and includes options for service restarts and recovery after failure.

The /boot directory is crucial for the system booting process in Linux. It contains essential files such as the kernel, initial RAM disk (initrd), and bootloader configurations. These files are necessary for the system to start up.

To provide each user with their own private space for files and data, you would use the /home directory structure in Linux. User home directories are typically located within /home, and this separation ensures user privacy and data security.

The /media directory in Linux is often used for mounting temporary file storage systems, like USB drives. When you plug in a USB drive, it's commonly mounted under the /media directory for easy access.

LXC (Linux Containers) provides a similar containerization service as Docker, but it is more focused on providing a full system environment. This means it can run multiple Linux distributions and even non-Linux operating systems with their own kernel, making it more flexible for certain use cases.

To adjust the priority of a running process in Linux, you would use the renice command. This allows you to change the process's nice value and, consequently, its CPU priority. A lower nice value means a higher priority.