What does the 2>&1 notation signify when used in Linux command redirection?
- Closes both standard error and standard output
- Redirects both standard error (2) and standard output (1) to the same location
- Redirects standard error (2) to standard output (1)
- Redirects standard output (1) to standard error (2)
The "2>&1" notation signifies that both standard error (file descriptor 2) and standard output (file descriptor 1) are redirected to the same location. This is commonly used to capture both error messages and regular output when running commands.
The _________ utility in Samba is used to manage user accounts and passwords.
- smbpasswd
- smbconf
- smbuser
- smbcontrol
The smbpasswd utility in Samba is used to manage user accounts and passwords. Samba is a software suite for integrating Windows and Linux systems, and smbpasswd allows you to change Samba passwords for user accounts.
The ___________ file in Linux contains user account information, including UID and GID.
- /etc/passwd
- /etc/shadow
- /etc/group
- /etc/login
The /etc/passwd file in Linux contains user account information, including UID (User ID) and GID (Group ID). It stores essential user details, such as username, home directory, and default shell.
The _________ command provides a way to configure network interfaces, set routing information, and more, and is considered a modern replacement for ifconfig.
- network
- ipconfig
- ifup
- ip
The ip command provides a way to configure network interfaces, set routing information, and more. It is considered a modern replacement for ifconfig, which is being phased out in many Linux distributions. ip offers more extensive and flexible networking configuration options.
You are writing a script that requires parsing command-line options with both short and long formats. Which command would you likely use?
- getopts
- getopt
- parseargs
- getoptlong
You would likely use the getopt command to parse command-line options with both short and long formats. getopt is a versatile command for handling command-line arguments and options in shell scripts, allowing you to specify both short and long options.
Which command is used to monitor and manipulate IP traffic control settings?
- tc
- ipconfig
- iptables
- arp
The tc command is used to monitor and manipulate IP traffic control settings in Linux. It allows you to manage Quality of Service (QoS), bandwidth, and traffic shaping on network interfaces, making it a crucial tool for network administrators.
The primary configuration file for setting up static routes on a Linux system is ________.
- /etc/network/interfaces
- /etc/routes
- /etc/network/routing
- /etc/sysconfig/network
The primary configuration file for setting up static routes on a Linux system is "/etc/network/interfaces." This file is used to define static routes, including the destination network, gateway, and netmask.
For an SSH server, the main configuration file is found at /etc/ssh/________.
- sshd_config
- server.conf
- ssh_config
- main.conf
For an SSH server, the main configuration file is found at /etc/ssh/**sshd_config**. This file contains various settings for the SSH server, including authentication methods, allowed users, and more.
In shell scripting, a loop that processes each item in a list one by one is known as a _________ loop.
- for
- while
- until
- foreach
In shell scripting, a loop that processes each item in a list one by one is known as a for loop. The "for" loop allows you to iterate through a list of items, such as files or elements in an array, and perform actions on each item. It's a fundamental construct for automation and scripting tasks.
Which file in Linux would you edit to set a system's DNS resolver addresses?
- /etc/resolv.conf
- /etc/hostname
- /etc/dns.conf
- /etc/networks
To set a system's DNS resolver addresses in Linux, you would edit the /etc/resolv.conf file. This file contains the IP addresses of the DNS servers that the system should use for domain name resolution.