In JIRA, a "permission scheme" governs the access rights for various actions or operations within a project. It specifies which users or groups can perform actions such as create, edit, delete, or transition issues. Thus, the correct term to fill in the blank is "operations".

The correct option is Option 1: REST. The REST API in JIRA enables developers to interact with JIRA programmatically, allowing for data import and export operations. It is commonly used for automation and integration.

The main purpose of the JIRA database is to store application data. This includes issues, projects, user details, permissions, and other essential information needed for the functioning of JIRA. The database serves as the backend storage mechanism for JIRA, allowing it to efficiently manage and retrieve data as required.

Kanban is an Agile framework that emphasizes continuous flow and visualizing work. It aims to minimize bottlenecks and optimize efficiency by managing work in progress effectively.

A security scheme in JIRA defines who can view specific issues within a project. It works in conjunction with permission schemes to control access to issue information based on user roles or groups. By configuring security schemes, administrators can ensure that sensitive information is only visible to authorized personnel.

JIRA Automation Rules is the correct option for automating the process of assigning issues to team members based on specific criteria. Automation rules in JIRA allow you to define triggers, conditions, and actions to automate various tasks, such as assigning issues. You can create rules based on specific criteria like issue type and priority and define actions to automatically assign issues to team members. With JIRA Automation Rules, you can streamline your workflow and improve efficiency in issue management.

Permissions in JIRA govern user access and actions within the system. By configuring permissions, administrators can control who can transition issues based on predefined criteria, ensuring that only authorized users can perform specific actions, thereby maintaining data integrity and security within the JIRA instance.

ScriptRunner is a powerful add-on for JIRA that allows administrators to customize workflows, automate tasks, and extend JIRA's functionality through scripting. You can install ScriptRunner from the Atlassian Marketplace and configure it according to your organization's requirements. With ScriptRunner, you can create custom workflows tailored to your specific issue tracking needs in JIRA.

In JIRA, a "Project Role" is a predefined set of permissions and responsibilities assigned to users within a project. These roles help in managing access and responsibilities effectively within a project by assigning specific permissions to different roles such as administrators, developers, testers, etc.

Changing an issue's status in JIRA requires performing an issue transition, indicating the movement of the issue through its workflow states.