The vision of a global network of interconnected computer networks, which laid the foundation for the Internet of Things (IoT), was first proposed by "J.C.R. Licklider." His ideas and contributions to the development of the ARPANET, a precursor to the internet, were instrumental in shaping the concept of IoT.

CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) is designed specifically for IoT scenarios where resources like memory and bandwidth are limited. It's a lightweight and efficient protocol that is well-suited for IoT devices with constrained capabilities. Unlike HTTP and TCP, CoAP is tailored for these resource-constrained environments.

A significant vulnerability in IoT devices is the use of weak or default passwords, which can be exploited by attackers to gain unauthorized access. It's essential to use strong, unique passwords to mitigate this risk.

IoT devices often generate diverse data types, including structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. NoSQL databases are a suitable choice because they can handle various data types, provide flexibility, and scale horizontally to accommodate the growing data from wearable devices.

Requiring both a password and a biometric scan is a form of Two-Factor Authentication (2FA). It adds an extra layer of security beyond a simple password, making it harder for unauthorized users to gain access.

Devices connected via the Thread wireless protocol are known for their ability to create self-healing mesh networks and connect directly with one another. Thread allows devices to communicate in a decentralized manner, eliminating the need for a central hub or router.

Requiring unique digital certificates for each device emphasizes Identity and Authentication. It ensures that each device is who it claims to be, adding a layer of security to prevent unauthorized access or data breaches.

The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is specifically designed for IoT scenarios where resources, code footprint, and bandwidth are limited. It's a lightweight protocol that enables efficient communication between IoT devices and applications. CoAP is designed for constrained networks and devices.

Many retail stores have adopted Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to automate and improve inventory management. RFID tags are attached to products, making it easier to track, manage, and update inventory in real time.

Manufacturers employ "Encryption" mechanisms to ensure device integrity in the IoT landscape. Encryption helps secure data and communication, preventing unauthorized access and tampering.