Blockchain integration in IoT is especially beneficial for maintaining data integrity. Blockchain's tamper-proof nature ensures that data remains unaltered, enhancing the trustworthiness of information in IoT applications. Device Availability, Real-time Data Processing, and Energy Efficiency are important but not the primary focus of blockchain integration in IoT.

The integration of IoT in agriculture, where sensors monitor soil moisture and trigger irrigation systems, is an example of Edge Computing. In this scenario, IoT sensors at the "edge" (in the field) collect data, analyze it locally, and make real-time decisions (turning on irrigation) without sending all data to a centralized server. Edge computing enhances efficiency and reduces latency in agriculture applications.

RTOS stands for Real-Time Operating System. It's an operating system intended to serve real-time applications, where processing must be done within specific time constraints.

A common security challenge faced by IoT devices is inadequate authentication. Many IoT devices lack robust authentication mechanisms, making them vulnerable to unauthorized access and potential security breaches. Proper authentication is essential for protecting IoT devices and the data they handle.

One of the main challenges in deploying WSN in IoT is the limited battery life of sensor nodes. This is because many sensor nodes are often deployed in remote or inaccessible locations, making it challenging to replace or recharge their batteries.

In a typical IoT system, the Data layer is responsible for processing and analyzing the collected data. This layer is crucial for handling, storing, and making sense of the data gathered from various sensors and devices in the IoT ecosystem.

Data visualization in IoT is essential for monitoring and understanding data. It allows stakeholders to interpret complex data easily, identify trends, and make informed decisions. Effective data visualization is crucial for deriving actionable insights from IoT data.

The main difference is that a general-purpose OS is not optimized for resource-constrained IoT devices. IoT OS is designed to run efficiently on devices with limited processing power and memory.

Early IoT was primarily focused on industrial automation and monitoring. It was used to improve processes, gather data from sensors in manufacturing and logistics, and increase efficiency in various industries. IoT's roots can be traced back to applications like remote monitoring and control of industrial equipment.

Blockchain technology offers a decentralized ledger for secure and transparent transactions, making it a potential solution for enhancing IoT security. It provides immutable and auditable records of transactions, improving trust and security.