In a neural network, the process of adjusting the weights and biases to minimize the error is called __________.

  • Initialization
  • Propagation
  • Training
  • Validation
In a neural network, the process of adjusting the weights and biases to minimize the error is called "training." During training, the network learns from the data and makes gradual adjustments to improve its performance.

An essential consideration for IoT security is ensuring the _______ of data as it is transferred from devices to servers.

  • Availability
  • Confidentiality
  • Integrity
  • Performance
IoT security requires data 'Integrity' to ensure that data remains unchanged during transmission from IoT devices to servers, preventing data tampering.

A project manager receives feedback from the quality team that certain features do not meet the quality standards. What should be the project manager's immediate step?

  • Blame the quality team for the issues.
  • Ignore the feedback and proceed with the project.
  • Prioritize the project's schedule over quality.
  • Review and address the quality issues.
When a project manager receives feedback from the quality team indicating quality issues, the immediate step should be to review and address these issues. Ignoring quality concerns can lead to project failure or costly rework later. It's crucial to ensure that the project meets the required quality standards to deliver a successful outcome.

Which ITSM framework is designed around five lifecycle stages: Service Strategy, Service Design, Service Transition, Service Operation, and Continual Service Improvement?

  • Agile
  • DevOps
  • ITIL
  • Scrum
The ITSM framework that is structured around the five lifecycle stages mentioned is 'ITIL' (Information Technology Infrastructure Library). ITIL provides a comprehensive approach to IT service management.

The _______ is a protocol stack used in IoT to facilitate device-to-device, device-to-server, and server-to-server communication.

  • HTML
  • HTTP
  • MQTT
  • OSI Model
The 'MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport)' protocol stack is commonly used in IoT for facilitating communication between devices and servers. It's designed for efficient, lightweight messaging.

You are tasked with securely transmitting credit card data over the internet. Which cryptographic protocol would be most appropriate to ensure data integrity, confidentiality, and authentication?

  • FTP
  • MD5
  • SHA-256
  • SSL/TLS
The most appropriate cryptographic protocol for securely transmitting sensitive data like credit card information over the internet is 'SSL/TLS' (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security). SSL/TLS provides data integrity, confidentiality, and authentication through encryption and certificates.

You are tasked with setting up a virtual environment where the virtual machines should have direct access to the physical hardware resources without much intervention from the host operating system. Which type of hypervisor would you opt for?

  • Full Virtualization
  • Paravirtualization
  • Type 1 (Bare-Metal Hypervisor)
  • Type 2 (Hosted Hypervisor)
In this scenario, a Type 1 hypervisor, also known as a bare-metal hypervisor, is the choice. It allows virtual machines to interact directly with physical hardware, making it a preferred choice for performance-critical environments.

A research team wants to train a model that can generate music based on the style of a given composer. What type of neural network architecture might be most effective for such a task?

  • Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
  • Echo State Network (ESN)
  • Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN)
  • Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
For generating music based on the style of a composer, a 'Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)' is an effective choice. RNNs are capable of modeling sequential data, making them suitable for tasks that involve capturing patterns and structures in music compositions over time.

The process of identifying and resolving network connectivity issues is known as _______.

  • Debugging
  • Encryption
  • Firewall Configuration
  • Troubleshooting
The process of identifying and resolving network connectivity issues is known as 'Troubleshooting.' It involves diagnosing and fixing problems in a network, ensuring that it operates smoothly and efficiently.

Which type of attack involves overwhelming a network or service with a flood of illegitimate requests to cause it to become unavailable to users?

  • Spoofing Attack
  • DDoS Attack
  • Phishing Attack
  • Injection Attack
A "DDoS Attack" (Option b) stands for "Distributed Denial of Service" attack. It involves multiple systems flooding a network or service with a high volume of illegitimate requests, making it unavailable to users. This is a common attack used to disrupt online services.