Which ITSM framework is designed around five lifecycle stages: Service Strategy, Service Design, Service Transition, Service Operation, and Continual Service Improvement?
- Agile
- DevOps
- ITIL
- Scrum
The ITSM framework that is structured around the five lifecycle stages mentioned is 'ITIL' (Information Technology Infrastructure Library). ITIL provides a comprehensive approach to IT service management.
The _______ is a protocol stack used in IoT to facilitate device-to-device, device-to-server, and server-to-server communication.
- HTML
- HTTP
- MQTT
- OSI Model
The 'MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport)' protocol stack is commonly used in IoT for facilitating communication between devices and servers. It's designed for efficient, lightweight messaging.
You are tasked with securely transmitting credit card data over the internet. Which cryptographic protocol would be most appropriate to ensure data integrity, confidentiality, and authentication?
- FTP
- MD5
- SHA-256
- SSL/TLS
The most appropriate cryptographic protocol for securely transmitting sensitive data like credit card information over the internet is 'SSL/TLS' (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security). SSL/TLS provides data integrity, confidentiality, and authentication through encryption and certificates.
You are tasked with setting up a virtual environment where the virtual machines should have direct access to the physical hardware resources without much intervention from the host operating system. Which type of hypervisor would you opt for?
- Full Virtualization
- Paravirtualization
- Type 1 (Bare-Metal Hypervisor)
- Type 2 (Hosted Hypervisor)
In this scenario, a Type 1 hypervisor, also known as a bare-metal hypervisor, is the choice. It allows virtual machines to interact directly with physical hardware, making it a preferred choice for performance-critical environments.
A research team wants to train a model that can generate music based on the style of a given composer. What type of neural network architecture might be most effective for such a task?
- Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
- Echo State Network (ESN)
- Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN)
- Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
For generating music based on the style of a composer, a 'Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)' is an effective choice. RNNs are capable of modeling sequential data, making them suitable for tasks that involve capturing patterns and structures in music compositions over time.
The process of identifying and resolving network connectivity issues is known as _______.
- Debugging
- Encryption
- Firewall Configuration
- Troubleshooting
The process of identifying and resolving network connectivity issues is known as 'Troubleshooting.' It involves diagnosing and fixing problems in a network, ensuring that it operates smoothly and efficiently.
An organization detected an unauthorized access attempt from an IP address located in a different country. They want to proactively block future attempts from that entire IP range. Which system would they use to implement this action?
- Firewall
- Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)
- Proxy Server
- Virtual Private Network (VPN)
The organization would use a 'Firewall' to proactively block future access attempts from that entire IP range. Firewalls are network security devices that can filter and control incoming and outgoing traffic based on security policies, including blocking access from specific IP addresses or ranges.
When experiencing packet loss in a network, which protocol is primarily responsible for ensuring data integrity and retransmission?
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- IP (Internet Protocol)
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
- UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
The 'TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)' is responsible for ensuring data integrity and retransmission in the presence of packet loss. It guarantees reliable, error-free communication by acknowledging the receipt of data packets and retransmitting any lost packets.
In a neural network, the process of adjusting the weights and biases to minimize the error is called __________.
- Initialization
- Propagation
- Training
- Validation
In a neural network, the process of adjusting the weights and biases to minimize the error is called "training." During training, the network learns from the data and makes gradual adjustments to improve its performance.
Which type of attack involves overwhelming a network or service with a flood of illegitimate requests to cause it to become unavailable to users?
- Spoofing Attack
- DDoS Attack
- Phishing Attack
- Injection Attack
A "DDoS Attack" (Option b) stands for "Distributed Denial of Service" attack. It involves multiple systems flooding a network or service with a high volume of illegitimate requests, making it unavailable to users. This is a common attack used to disrupt online services.