In network security, the principle that states users should only have the permissions necessary to perform their job functions is called the principle of _______.
- Authentication
- Encryption
- Firewall
- Least Privilege
The principle of 'Least Privilege' dictates that users and processes should have only the minimum permissions required to perform their specific job functions. This minimizes the risk of unauthorized access and potential security breaches.
A software engineer is tasked with finding the shortest path between two nodes in a weighted graph. Which algorithm should they consider implementing first?
- Dijkstra's Algorithm
- Depth-First Search (DFS)
- Breadth-First Search (BFS)
- Bellman-Ford Algorithm
To find the shortest path in a weighted graph, the 'Dijkstra's Algorithm' is the primary choice. It's efficient for finding the shortest path when all edge weights are non-negative, making it a suitable option for this scenario. It's widely used in network routing and navigation systems.
An organization recently discovered that sensitive customer data was being sent outside the company network. The IT team needs to implement a solution to monitor and control data transfer to ensure this does not happen again. Which solution should they consider?
- Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
- Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
- Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
- Virtual Private Network (VPN)
In this scenario, the organization needs to monitor and control data transfer to prevent data loss. 'Data Loss Prevention (DLP)' solutions are specifically designed for this purpose, helping identify and block unauthorized data transfers.
What is the main difference between static routing and dynamic routing?
- Static routing is manually configured, while dynamic routing adjusts routes automatically.
- Static routing is more efficient, while dynamic routing is slower.
- Static routing is more secure, while dynamic routing is more flexible.
- Static routing is used for wireless networks, while dynamic routing is used for wired networks.
Static routing involves manually configuring the routing table, while dynamic routing protocols adjust routes automatically based on network conditions. This makes dynamic routing more adaptable and suitable for larger, changing networks.
Which document outlines the standards, rules, and guidelines for computer systems and their users in an organization?
- Code of Conduct
- End-User License Agreement (EULA)
- IT Policy
- Service Level Agreement (SL
An 'IT Policy' is a comprehensive document that outlines the standards, rules, and guidelines for computer systems and their users within an organization. It governs how technology is used and maintained.
Which technology is essential in HPC to interconnect multiple processors and achieve faster data transfer rates?
- Bluetooth
- Ethernet
- InfiniBand
- USB (Universal Serial Bus)
InfiniBand is a high-speed interconnect technology used in HPC to connect processors, memory, and storage devices. It enables 'faster data transfer rates' essential for high-performance computing applications.
What is the primary purpose of a hypervisor in virtualization?
- Managing physical servers
- Providing network security
- Running database queries
- Running virtual machines
A 'hypervisor' is software that allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical server. Its primary purpose is to manage and allocate resources to these virtual machines.
Which technique involves an attacker sending multiple requests or inputs to a target system to cause it to crash?
- Cross-Site Scripting
- Denial of Service
- Firewall Bypass
- SQL Injection
'Denial of Service' (DoS) is an attack technique where an attacker overwhelms a target system with a high volume of requests or inputs, causing it to become unavailable or crash.
The process of organizing a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity is known as _______.
- Aggregation
- Denormalization
- Normalization
- Optimization
'Normalization' is the process of organizing a database to reduce data redundancy, eliminate anomalies, and improve data integrity. It involves breaking down data into separate tables and defining relationships between them.
Your organization's network is growing rapidly, and you need to ensure that routers can learn about network paths automatically without manual configurations. Which approach would be most suitable?
- BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
- Dynamic Routing
- RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
- Static Routing
To handle a rapidly growing network while enabling routers to learn network paths automatically, 'Dynamic Routing' is the best approach. Dynamic routing protocols, like OSPF or BGP, allow routers to adapt to network changes without manual intervention.