An embedded system, like a microwave or a washing machine, needs an operating system. What type of OS would be most suitable for such systems?
- Linux
- Real-time Operating System (RTOS)
- Windows OS
- macOS
Embedded systems, like microwaves or washing machines, benefit from a 'Real-time Operating System (RTOS)' because it provides predictable and timely responses, essential for control and automation in such devices.
A structured approach to aligning IT with business objectives and ensuring its optimal performance is often referred to as IT _______.
- Alignment
- Collaboration
- Enhancement
- Optimization
IT Alignment is the practice of ensuring that an organization's information technology (IT) strategy and initiatives are closely aligned with its business objectives. This alignment is crucial for maximizing the value IT can provide to the business.
Which optimization algorithm is commonly used to adjust weights in neural networks based on the gradient of the loss function?
- Gradient Descent
- K-Means Clustering
- Principal Component Analysis
- Random Forest
The commonly used optimization algorithm for adjusting weights in neural networks based on the gradient of the loss function is 'Gradient Descent.' It iteratively updates weights to minimize the loss.
Which type of intrusion detection system (IDS) analyzes the traffic on the entire network?
- Anomaly-Based IDS
- Host-Based IDS
- Network-Based IDS
- Signature-Based IDS
A 'Network-Based IDS' (Intrusion Detection System) monitors and analyzes the traffic on the entire network. It's designed to detect unauthorized or malicious network activities.
After installing a new intrusion detection system, a company notices it's getting alerts for normal user activities. What type of error is the system likely experiencing?
- False Negative
- False Positive
- True Negative
- True Positive
The system is likely experiencing a 'False Positive' error. This occurs when the system incorrectly detects normal user activities as security threats. False positives can lead to alert fatigue and should be minimized to ensure effective intrusion detection.
In IT risk management, a(n) _______ is an unforeseen event that can have negative consequences for an organization's objectives.
- Incident
- Risk
- Threat
- Vulnerability
An unforeseen event with the potential to harm an organization's objectives is referred to as a 'Threat' in IT risk management. It's a factor or circumstance that could exploit a vulnerability and negatively impact an organization.
Which method is commonly used by malware analysts to observe the behavior of malware in a controlled environment without endangering real systems?
- Debugging
- Penetration testing
- Sandboxing
- Vulnerability scanning
Malware analysts often use 'sandboxing' to run malware in a controlled, isolated environment. This method allows them to observe the malware's behavior without risking damage to real systems. Sandbox environments are designed for this purpose.
Which of the following best describes the term "risk appetite" in IT risk management?
- A measure of potential profit
- A tolerance for loss
- Likelihood of an incident
- Willingness to accept risk
"Risk appetite" in IT risk management refers to an organization's 'willingness to accept risk.' It signifies how much risk an organization is prepared to undertake in pursuit of its objectives, balancing potential rewards and uncertainties.
Which layer of the OSI model deals with the logical addressing of devices and routing?
- Data link layer
- Network layer
- Physical layer
- Transport layer
The 'Network layer' in the OSI model is responsible for logical addressing of devices and routing. This layer handles tasks like IP addressing and determining the best path for data to travel.
Which type of database is designed to store data in key-value pairs?
- Columnar Database
- Graph Database
- NoSQL Database
- Relational Database
NoSQL databases are designed to store data in various formats, including key-value pairs. They are suitable for handling unstructured or semi-structured data and are often used in modern web and big data applications.