Which protocol is used to assign IP addresses to devices on a network automatically?
- DHCP
- DNS
- FTP
- HTTP
The 'DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)' is used to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network. It simplifies network management by dynamically allocating IPs to devices.
Which operating system concept allows multiple programs to run concurrently by sharing the same CPU time?
- Multiprocessing
- Multiprogramming
- Multitasking
- Multithreading
'Multitasking' is an operating system concept that allows multiple programs to run concurrently by 'sharing the same CPU time.' This enables users to switch between applications seamlessly.
The method where certain portions of a dataset are intentionally left out of training to validate the model's performance is called __________.
- Cross-Validation
- Overfitting
- Regularization
- Underfitting
The method where certain portions of a dataset are intentionally left out of training to validate the model's performance is called "Cross-Validation." Cross-validation helps assess a model's generalization and performance on unseen data.
A common challenge in NLP where words have multiple meanings depending on context is known as _______.
- Ambiguity
- Homonymy
- Polysemy
- Synonymy
In NLP, 'Polysemy' refers to a situation where a word has multiple meanings, and the meaning depends on the context. This is a significant challenge in natural language understanding.
In operating systems, what mechanism provides an interface between users or application programs and the computer hardware?
- Compiler
- Device Drivers
- File System
- Kernel
The 'kernel' serves as the core component of an operating system, providing an interface between user/application programs and the hardware. It manages system resources, scheduling, and hardware communication.
In IoT, devices that directly interact with the physical environment to collect data are called _______.
- Protocols
- Routers
- Sensors
- Servers
In the Internet of Things (IoT), 'sensors' are the devices that directly interact with the physical environment to collect data. They play a crucial role in gathering information for IoT applications.
The concept of providing on-demand network access to shared pools of configurable computing resources is known as _______.
- Big Data
- Cloud Computing
- IoT
- Quantum Computing
'Cloud Computing' is the concept of delivering on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources over the internet. These resources can be easily configured and scaled to meet various computing needs.
What is the primary purpose of an ERP system?
- Customer Relationship Management
- Employee Time Tracking
- Integrated Business Operations
- Inventory Management
The primary purpose of an 'ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system' is to integrate and streamline various business operations, such as finance, production, inventory, and more, to enhance efficiency and decision-making.
You are designing an IoT system for a smart city project that requires real-time processing of data from thousands of sensors spread across the city. Which computing model would be most appropriate to minimize latency?
- Cloud Computing
- Edge Computing
- Fog Computing
- Quantum Computing
In this scenario, 'Edge Computing' is the most appropriate computing model. It involves processing data closer to the data source, reducing latency by minimizing the need to send data to a remote data center (as in cloud computing) or relying on quantum computing, which is not yet widely available for practical IoT applications.
Which model architecture has been popularly used for tasks such as translation in NLP due to its attention mechanism?
- CNN (Convolutional Neural Network)
- GAN (Generative Adversarial Network)
- RNN (Recurrent Neural Network)
- Transformer
The 'Transformer' model architecture is popular in Natural Language Processing (NLP) because of its attention mechanism, which enables it to handle sequential data like text efficiently. It has been instrumental in machine translation tasks.