In Hadoop, which framework is traditionally used for batch processing?

  • Apache Flink
  • Apache Hadoop MapReduce
  • Apache Spark
  • Apache Storm
In Hadoop, the traditional framework used for batch processing is Apache Hadoop MapReduce. It is a programming model and processing engine that enables the processing of large datasets in parallel across a distributed cluster.

In unit testing Hadoop applications, ____ frameworks allow for mocking HDFS and MapReduce functionalities.

  • JUnit
  • Mockito
  • PowerMock
  • TestDFS
Mockito is a common Java mocking framework used in unit testing Hadoop applications. It enables developers to create mock objects for HDFS and MapReduce functionalities, allowing for isolated testing of individual components without relying on a full Hadoop cluster.

The ____ function in Spark is critical for performing wide transformations like groupBy.

  • Broadcast
  • Narrow
  • Shuffle
  • Transform
The Shuffle function in Spark is critical for performing wide transformations like groupBy. It involves redistributing and exchanging data across the partitions, typically occurring during operations that require data to be grouped or aggregated across the cluster.

MRUnit tests can be written in ____ to simulate the MapReduce environment.

  • Java
  • Python
  • Ruby
  • Scala
MRUnit tests can be written in Java to simulate the MapReduce environment. MRUnit is a testing framework for Apache Hadoop MapReduce jobs, allowing developers to write unit tests for their MapReduce programs.

What is the primary benefit of using Avro in Hadoop ecosystems?

  • High Compression
  • In-memory Processing
  • Parallel Execution
  • Schema-less
The primary benefit of using Avro in Hadoop ecosystems is high compression. Avro employs a compact binary format that results in efficient storage, reducing the amount of disk space required for storing data. This is especially crucial for handling large datasets in Hadoop environments.

How does Hadoop's HDFS High Availability feature handle the failure of a NameNode?

  • Backup Node
  • Checkpoint Node
  • Secondary NameNode
  • Standby NameNode
Hadoop's HDFS High Availability feature employs a Standby NameNode to handle the failure of the primary NameNode. The Standby NameNode maintains a synchronized copy of the metadata, ready to take over in case the primary NameNode fails, ensuring continuous availability.

When setting up a new Hadoop cluster for massive data sets, what key aspect should be considered to ensure efficient data loading and processing?

  • CPU Speed
  • Disk Space
  • Memory Size
  • Network Bandwidth
When setting up a new Hadoop cluster for massive data sets, one should consider Network Bandwidth as a key aspect. Efficient data loading and processing require a robust and high-speed network to facilitate seamless communication between nodes and ensure optimal data transfer rates.

In the case of a security breach in a Hadoop cluster, which administrative actions are most critical?

  • Implement Encryption
  • Monitor User Activity
  • Review Access Controls
  • Update Software Patches
In the case of a security breach, reviewing and tightening access controls is crucial. This involves restricting access privileges, ensuring least privilege principles, and regularly auditing and updating access permissions to minimize the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches.

Considering a scenario with high concurrency and the need for near-real-time analytics, which Hadoop SQL tool would you recommend and why?

  • Hive
  • Impala
  • Presto
  • Spark SQL
In a scenario with high concurrency and the need for near-real-time analytics, Presto would be recommended. Presto is designed for high-performance, distributed SQL queries, and it excels in scenarios with concurrent queries and the need for low-latency responses, making it suitable for real-time analytics.

In Hadoop, ____ provides a framework for auditing and monitoring user accesses and activities.

  • Apache Sentry
  • Audit Log Manager
  • Hadoop Audit Framework
  • Hadoop Auditor
In Hadoop, the Hadoop Audit Framework provides a framework for auditing and monitoring user accesses and activities. It logs relevant information, such as user actions and system events, facilitating security audits and compliance checks.