High availability for the NameNode is achieved in advanced setups through an Active-Passive configuration. In this setup, one NameNode is active, while the other remains passive, ready to take over in case of a failure. This ensures uninterrupted NameNode services and minimizes downtime.

The Resource Manager in Hadoop cluster capacity planning plays a crucial role in resource allocation. It is responsible for managing and allocating resources across the cluster, ensuring that computing resources are efficiently distributed among different applications and tasks. This is essential for optimal performance and utilization of the Hadoop cluster.

Data Replication is a critical factor in designing a disaster recovery plan for high availability in Hadoop. By replicating data across multiple nodes, Hadoop ensures that there are redundant copies of the data, reducing the risk of data loss in case of node failure. This redundancy enhances fault tolerance and supports disaster recovery efforts.

Sink Groups is a key feature in Flume that allows for load balancing and failover among multiple sinks. It enables the distribution of events across different sinks, ensuring efficient load distribution and providing fault tolerance through failover mechanisms.

To troubleshoot connectivity issues between nodes, a Hadoop administrator should check the network configurations. It involves examining network settings, ensuring proper communication, and resolving any network-related problems that may impact the performance of the Hadoop cluster.

The correct option is 'Bundle.' In Oozie, a Bundle is a key feature that allows the integration with systems outside of Hadoop for triggering workflows. It helps in managing and coordinating multiple workflows as a single unit, facilitating more complex data processing scenarios.

Flume agents are composed of sources, sinks, and channels, which are responsible for data flow. Sources collect data, channels store and transport the data between sources and sinks, and sinks deliver the data to the destination. Channels act as the conduit for the data flow within Flume.

Hadoop Streaming API's performance in processing real-time data can be improved by integrating Apache Kafka. Kafka provides high-throughput, fault-tolerant, and scalable messaging, making it a suitable choice for streaming data integration with Hadoop.

Rack Awareness is a critical consideration in Hadoop cluster capacity planning for ensuring high availability and fault tolerance. It involves the awareness of the physical location of nodes in racks, allowing Hadoop to replicate data across racks to enhance fault tolerance and reduce the risk of data loss.

The Columnar Storage feature of Sqoop would be most appropriate for extracting specific columns efficiently from a large database table. It optimizes the storage and retrieval of columnar data, enhancing performance for selective column extraction.