In Go, a _______ is a function that runs concurrently with other functions.
- Closure
- Goroutine
- Interface
- Method
A goroutine is a lightweight thread of execution in Go that enables concurrent execution of functions. It allows functions to run concurrently with other functions without blocking the execution flow, making it efficient for handling concurrent tasks.
What is the primary purpose of unit tests in Go?
- To document the codebase effectively.
- To ensure that the entire application is functioning properly.
- To optimize the performance of the Go program.
- To verify that individual units of source code are working correctly.
Unit tests in Go serve the primary purpose of verifying that individual units of source code, typically functions or methods, are working correctly. They help in identifying and fixing bugs early in the development cycle, ensuring the reliability and stability of the codebase.
You're debugging a program and encounter a segmentation fault error. What could be a potential cause of this error related to pointers in Go?
- Dereferencing a nil pointer
- Incorrect use of pointer arithmetic
- Memory leak due to unreleased pointers
- Stack overflow caused by excessive pointer usage
Dereferencing a nil pointer is a common cause of segmentation fault errors in Go. When you attempt to access or modify the value pointed to by a nil pointer, it results in a runtime panic, leading to a segmentation fault. It's essential to check for nil pointers before dereferencing them to avoid such errors.
You're designing a system where you need to represent various shapes. How would you use structs in Go to model this?
- Define a struct for each shape, such as Rectangle, Circle, Triangle, etc., with fields representing their attributes like width, height, radius, etc.
- Use a map with string keys representing shape names and interface{} values representing shape attributes, allowing for dynamic addition of new shapes.
- Use a single struct named Shape with a field to identify the type of shape and additional fields representing attributes, which might result in a less clear and more complex design.
- Use an interface named Shape with methods like Area() and Perimeter() and then define separate structs like Rectangle, Circle, Triangle implementing this interface.
Defining a struct for each shape with specific fields provides a clear and structured way to represent different shapes in the system, facilitating ease of use and maintenance. It follows the principle of composition, where each struct represents a distinct entity with its own attributes and behaviors.
The _______ operator in Go is used to access struct fields.
- Arrow
- Colon
- Dot
- Slash
In Go, the dot operator (.) is used to access fields and methods of a struct. It allows programmers to retrieve and manipulate the data stored within a struct instance. The dot operator is fundamental for working with struct types in Go.
In Go, what is the purpose of the json:"fieldname" tag in struct fields?
- Adds metadata for JSON encoding and decoding
- Defines the field's default value
- Indicates the field's visibility
- Specifies the field type
The json:"fieldname" tag in Go struct fields is used to provide metadata for JSON encoding and decoding. It allows developers to specify the JSON field name corresponding to the struct field. This is particularly useful when the JSON representation needs to differ from the Go struct's field names. For example, you can use it to control the JSON key naming conventions or to map struct fields to specific JSON fields.
To achieve meaningful code coverage results, it's essential to have a _______ test suite.
- Basic
- Comprehensive
- Limited
- Randomized
Comprehensive
The '_______' function in Go is often used in conjunction with 'panic()' to handle unexpected errors gracefully.
- catch()
- handle()
- recover()
- resume()
In Go, the 'recover()' function is used to regain control of a goroutine that is panicking. It should be deferred immediately after the 'defer' statement, and when a panic occurs, it stops the panic and returns the value passed to 'panic()'. This is commonly used to handle unexpected errors gracefully and prevent the program from crashing.
How can you determine the type of an interface value in Go?
- Using the interface{} keyword
- Using the reflect package
- Using the switch statement
- Using the type assertion
In Go, you can determine the type of an interface value using a type assertion. This involves using the syntax value.(Type) where value is the interface variable and Type is the desired type you want to assert. If the assertion is successful, it returns the underlying value and a boolean indicating success. Otherwise, it triggers a panic. This method allows you to safely work with interface values by checking their types dynamically.
The _______ statement in Go allows for communication with multiple channels simultaneously.
- For
- If
- Select
- Switch
The select statement in Go allows for communication with multiple channels simultaneously. It enables goroutines to wait on multiple communication operations efficiently.