What is the difference in handling merge requests in GitLab versus pull requests in GitHub?
- Terminology
- Functionality
- Repository hosting
- Collaboration features
While both GitLab and GitHub facilitate code collaboration, understanding the terminology and functionality differences in handling merge requests (GitLab) and pull requests (GitHub) is essential. GitLab uses the term "merge request" while GitHub uses "pull request," and there are nuanced differences in how they handle code reviews, approvals, and merging changes into the main branch.
How can you cherry-pick a commit from another branch into your current branch in Git?
- git pick -c
- git cherry-pick
- git apply
- git merge
The correct option is git cherry-pick . This command allows you to apply the changes introduced by the specified commit to your current branch. Cherry-picking is useful for selectively bringing in specific changes.
A team is facing an issue where a feature that previously worked is now broken. How can git bisect be used to identify the problematic commit?
- Start the bisect using git bisect start and specify a good and bad commit. Git will automatically check out a commit between them. Run tests, and based on results, mark the commit as good or bad using git bisect good or git bisect bad.
- Manually check out a commit, run tests, and mark the commit as good or bad using git bisect mark.
- Use git bisect log to view the history and identify the problematic commit manually.
- Execute git bisect run
to automate the testing process and identify the faulty commit.
Option 1 correctly describes the process of using git bisect to systematically find the commit introducing the issue by marking commits as good or bad based on test results. Other options either involve manual methods or incorrect usage of git bisect.
In large projects, what Git feature is essential for managing multiple features being developed simultaneously?
- Branching
- Merging
- Stashing
- Rebasing
Managing Multiple Features in Git
To automate builds after every commit, a hook in Git known as git _______ can be used.
- pre-commit
- post-commit
- pre-build
- post-build
In Git, the post-commit hook is used to automate actions after each commit. This hook is useful for tasks like triggering build processes.
git _______ can be used to combine the changes made on two different branches without creating a new commit.
- merge
- squash
- rebase
- commit
Git rebase allows you to incorporate changes from one branch into another by applying each commit on the branch to the target branch. Unlike merge, it allows for a cleaner commit history by avoiding unnecessary merge commits.
What are the benefits of using a Git Subtree over a Submodule?
- Easier to maintain and update
- Can include a single directory from a repository
- Provides more isolation
- Supports nested subprojects
One benefit of using a Git Subtree over a Submodule is that it allows you to include a single directory from a repository, making it more flexible and granular. This can be useful when you only need a specific part of another project.
How can Git's advanced features like rebase and squash be used in a CI/CD pipeline?
- Facilitate a clean and linear commit history
- Simplify the process of resolving merge conflicts
- Accelerate the integration of new features
- Increase the number of commits in the history
Using rebase and squash in a CI/CD pipeline helps maintain a clean and linear commit history, making it easier to understand and troubleshoot changes. These features can simplify the resolution of merge conflicts and accelerate the integration of new features. Increasing the number of commits in the history can lead to a cluttered history, making it harder to identify meaningful changes.
How does the 'shallow clone' feature in Git help with large repositories?
- A shallow clone reduces the repository's size by fetching only the latest commit history.
- Shallow clones improve network efficiency by fetching less data during cloning.
- Shallow clones allow for faster cloning of repositories by skipping unnecessary history.
- Shallow clones only fetch the latest commit, excluding any historical data.
The 'shallow clone' feature in Git allows users to clone a repository with a limited history, reducing the time and bandwidth required for cloning. Shallow clones are useful when dealing with large repositories where fetching the entire history may be unnecessary.
To maintain a clean project history, the ________ strategy can be used to combine a series of commits into a single cohesive commit.
- Squash
- Rebase
- Amend
- Reset
To maintain a clean project history, the rebase strategy can be used to combine a series of commits into a single cohesive commit. Rebasing involves moving, combining, or modifying commits to create a linear and more readable project history. This helps in presenting a cleaner and more organized timeline of changes, making it easier to understand the development history and trace back specific features or bug fixes.