What are the best practices for managing Git branches in a CI/CD environment?
- Regularly merge feature branches into the main branch
- Use long-lived branches for stable releases
- Apply version tags to commits
- Use only one branch for all development
In a CI/CD environment, it's crucial to regularly merge feature branches into the main branch to ensure continuous integration. Long-lived branches can be used for stable releases, and version tags help track specific commits. Using only one branch for all development can lead to conflicts and challenges in maintaining a stable codebase.
When conflicts arise after a rebase, Git requires you to ________ them before completing the rebase.
- Ignore
- Push
- Resolve
- Commit
The correct option is c. Resolve. When conflicts occur during a rebase operation, Git pauses and asks you to resolve the conflicts manually. After resolving conflicts, you need to continue the rebase process.
How does the git blame command help in identifying changes?
- Displaying the author and last modification of each line
- Highlighting code changes over time
- Identifying the commit that last modified each line
- Displaying the commit message for each line
The 'git blame' command is used to identify the commit that last modified each line of a file. It helps in understanding the history of changes and who made those changes.
What is the primary use of the git log command?
- Display commit logs
- Create a new branch
- Delete a remote repository
- Stage changes for commit
The git log command is used to display the commit history of a repository. It shows information such as commit messages, authorship, and timestamps. This is useful for tracking changes and understanding the development timeline of a project.
In a complex project, git rebase -i offers an interactive mode to ________ commits.
- Delete
- Combine
- Revert
- Squash
The correct option is b. Combine. When you use git rebase -i, you can interactively choose what to do with each commit, including combining or modifying them. This is useful for cleaning up commit history in a complex project.
When transitioning a legacy codebase to Git, it's important to set up a proper .git________ to ignore unnecessary files.
- ignore
- exclude
- filter
- config
In Git, the .gitignore file is used to specify intentionally untracked files that Git should ignore. This helps in maintaining a clean working directory and prevents unnecessary files from being committed.
The command git _______ can help in visualizing the branching and merging history in a repository.
- log
- status
- diff
- show
The 'git log' command provides a detailed history of commits, including branching and merging. It helps visualize the chronological order of commits in the repository.
In the context of Git, what is a 'Fork' primarily used for?
- Creating a new branch in a repository
- Cloning a repository from one remote to another
- Diverging from the main codebase
- Creating a duplicate of a repository
In Git, a 'Fork' is primarily used for cloning a repository from one remote to another. Forking is commonly associated with collaborative development on platforms like GitHub, where a user can fork a repository to create their copy. This copy is independent and can be modified without affecting the original repository. Forking is a fundamental concept in open-source collaboration and contributes to the decentralized nature of Git.
To make a commit appear as if it never happened in the repository, use the git ________ command.
- reset
- revert
- erase
- amend
The correct option is (a) reset. The git reset command is used to undo changes in the repository, including making a commit appear as if it never happened. It's important to note that using reset rewrites history, so caution should be exercised.
What is the main idea behind the Gitflow workflow model?
- Feature branching and version control
- Linear development and continuous integration
- Parallel development with feature branches
- Centralized repository with strict access control
The Gitflow workflow model emphasizes parallel development by using feature branches. Each feature or bug fix is developed in its own branch before being merged back into the main codebase. This helps in managing and organizing complex development scenarios. Understanding Gitflow is crucial for teams working on projects with multiple features or bug fixes in progress simultaneously.