When merging branches, which Git command is used to create a new commit that represents the combined changes?

git push
git commit
git merge
git branch

The correct command for merging branches and creating a new commit is git merge. This command combines the changes from different branches into the current branch, resulting in a new commit that represents the merged state.

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A team working on a project hosted on GitHub wants to ensure code style consistency. Which feature should they implement?

Git Hooks
Git Submodules
Git LFS
Git Tags

To ensure code style consistency in a project hosted on GitHub, the team should implement Git Hooks. Git Hooks allow developers to run custom scripts before or after certain Git events, enabling them to enforce coding standards and other practices.

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What is a common strategy for managing releases in the Gitflow model?

Creating a hotfix branch directly from the main branch to address critical issues in the released version.
Merging all feature branches into the main branch and tagging the commit for release.
Creating a separate branch for each feature, bug fix, and release, maintaining a stable main branch.
Skipping the release branch and merging feature branches directly into production.

In Gitflow, a release branch is created to prepare for a new release. It involves bug fixes, documentation updates, and version number increments. Once ready, it's merged into both the main and develop branches.

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A large enterprise is migrating to Git. They are concerned about preserving their extensive development history. Which Git feature should they focus on?

Git Tags
Git Stash
Git Reflog
Git Submodules

The Git Reflog is a crucial feature that allows the enterprise to track changes and easily recover any lost commits during the migration process. It maintains a log of all committed changes, providing a safety net for preserving development history.

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What Git command would you use to discard changes in a specific file before it has been staged?

git checkout -- filename
git reset HEAD filename
git restore filename
git revert filename

The correct option, git checkout -- filename, discards changes in a specific file before staging. It reverts the file to the last committed state. git reset HEAD filename unstages changes, git restore filename is used after staging, and git revert filename is for creating a new commit to undo changes.

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In what way does integrating Git with an IDE assist in resolving merge conflicts?

Visual Conflict Resolution
Automated Conflict Resolution
Conflict Ignoring
Merge Conflict Alerts

Integrating Git with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) provides visual tools for conflict resolution. Developers can easily view and resolve conflicts, making the process more intuitive and efficient.

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What advanced technique can be used in Git to combine multiple commit histories into a single unified history?

Git rebase
Git merge
Git cherry-pick
Git reset

The advanced technique in Git to combine multiple commit histories into a single unified history is 'Git rebase.' It allows you to reapply commits on top of another branch, resulting in a cleaner and more linear commit history. This can be useful in creating a streamlined and comprehensible project history.

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For an open source project on GitHub, what is the standard method for contributing changes?

Cloning the repository and directly making changes
Sending an email with code changes
Creating a new repository
Forking the repository and submitting a pull request

The standard method for contributing to an open source project on GitHub is to fork the repository, create a new branch, make changes, and then submit a pull request to the original repository.

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How does git stash pop differ from git stash apply?

git stash pop removes the latest stash and applies it, while git stash apply leaves the stash in the stack.
git stash pop and git stash apply are interchangeable; there is no difference between them.
git stash pop is used for temporary stashing, while git stash apply is for permanent stashing.
git stash pop is for applying stashes in a specific order, while git stash apply applies the most recent stash.

In-depth git stash pop is a combination of git stash apply and git stash drop, which removes the stash from the stack after applying it.

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A developer is working on a feature that is based on an outdated main branch. What strategy should they use to update their branch with the latest changes from the main branch?

git fetch origin main && git merge origin/main
git pull origin main
git rebase origin/main
git branch update && git merge update

When working on an outdated branch, using git pull origin main is recommended. This fetches the latest changes and automatically merges them into the developer's branch. Using git fetch and git merge separately provides more control over the process. Options 1 and 3 are correct commands but combined in a way that might lead to unnecessary complications. Option 4 does not follow the typical Git workflow.

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