A team is working on a large project using Git. They need to ensure that their feature development does not interfere with the stable main branch. What Git feature should they use?
- Git Forks
- Git Stash
- Git Branches
- Git Clone
In this scenario, the team should use Git Branches to create a separate branch for their feature development. This allows them to work on their feature without affecting the stable main branch.
What Git command would you use to discard changes in a specific file before it has been staged?
- git checkout -- filename
- git reset HEAD filename
- git restore filename
- git revert filename
The correct option, git checkout -- filename, discards changes in a specific file before staging. It reverts the file to the last committed state. git reset HEAD filename unstages changes, git restore filename is used after staging, and git revert filename is for creating a new commit to undo changes.
In what way does integrating Git with an IDE assist in resolving merge conflicts?
- Visual Conflict Resolution
- Automated Conflict Resolution
- Conflict Ignoring
- Merge Conflict Alerts
Integrating Git with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) provides visual tools for conflict resolution. Developers can easily view and resolve conflicts, making the process more intuitive and efficient.
What advanced technique can be used in Git to combine multiple commit histories into a single unified history?
- Git rebase
- Git merge
- Git cherry-pick
- Git reset
The advanced technique in Git to combine multiple commit histories into a single unified history is 'Git rebase.' It allows you to reapply commits on top of another branch, resulting in a cleaner and more linear commit history. This can be useful in creating a streamlined and comprehensible project history.
For an open source project on GitHub, what is the standard method for contributing changes?
- Cloning the repository and directly making changes
- Sending an email with code changes
- Creating a new repository
- Forking the repository and submitting a pull request
The standard method for contributing to an open source project on GitHub is to fork the repository, create a new branch, make changes, and then submit a pull request to the original repository.
How does git stash pop differ from git stash apply?
- git stash pop removes the latest stash and applies it, while git stash apply leaves the stash in the stack.
- git stash pop and git stash apply are interchangeable; there is no difference between them.
- git stash pop is used for temporary stashing, while git stash apply is for permanent stashing.
- git stash pop is for applying stashes in a specific order, while git stash apply applies the most recent stash.
In-depth git stash pop is a combination of git stash apply and git stash drop, which removes the stash from the stack after applying it.
A developer is working on a feature that is based on an outdated main branch. What strategy should they use to update their branch with the latest changes from the main branch?
- git fetch origin main && git merge origin/main
- git pull origin main
- git rebase origin/main
- git branch update && git merge update
When working on an outdated branch, using git pull origin main is recommended. This fetches the latest changes and automatically merges them into the developer's branch. Using git fetch and git merge separately provides more control over the process. Options 1 and 3 are correct commands but combined in a way that might lead to unnecessary complications. Option 4 does not follow the typical Git workflow.
For high performance in large-scale Git operations, setting the git __________ configuration can significantly reduce latency.
- git config --optimize
- git config --pack
- git config --large
- git config --delta
Setting the pack configuration in Git (git config --pack) helps in optimizing storage and improving performance by packing objects efficiently. This is especially beneficial for large-scale Git operations.
How do pull requests in platforms like GitHub and GitLab facilitate code collaboration?
- Enable developers to propose changes, discuss modifications, and ensure seamless integration of new code.
- Manage access controls and user permissions for repositories.
- Automatically merge all changes without any review.
- Only available in GitLab, not GitHub.
Pull requests in platforms like GitHub and GitLab serve as a collaborative mechanism for proposing changes. Developers can discuss modifications, ensuring seamless integration of new code into the main branch.
In a code review, what should be the primary focus when evaluating a pull request?
- Syntax and coding style, Functional correctness, Performance optimization, Documentation
- Ignore syntax errors, Focus only on coding style, Prioritize performance over functionality, Neglect documentation
- Ignore functional correctness, Ignore performance issues, Focus only on documentation, Prioritize syntax over coding style
- Prioritize documentation over functionality, Focus only on syntax, Ignore performance and coding style, Neglect functional correctness
The primary focus in a code review should be on functional correctness. Ensuring that the code behaves as intended is crucial. While other aspects like coding style, performance, and documentation are important, they are secondary to the core functionality of the code.