An open source project has received numerous feature requests and bug reports. The maintainers need to prioritize and organize these contributions efficiently. Which Git feature should they primarily use?
- Branching
- Merging
- Pull Requests
- Stashing
In an open source project, maintainers can use Pull Requests to efficiently review, discuss, and prioritize feature requests and bug reports submitted by contributors. Pull Requests provide a structured way to propose changes, discuss them, and merge them into the main codebase. This helps maintainers organize and prioritize contributions effectively.
Which command is used to undo a commit that has not been pushed to the remote repository?
- git reset --soft HEAD^
- git revert HEAD
- git reset --hard HEAD^
- git reset HEAD^
The correct option, git reset --hard HEAD^, is used to undo the last commit completely. It discards changes and moves the HEAD pointer to the previous commit. git reset --soft HEAD^ preserves changes, git revert HEAD creates a new commit to undo changes, and git reset HEAD^ is for unstaging.
To push a specific tag to a remote repository, use the command git push origin ________.
- master
- HEAD
- remote
To push a specific tag in Git, the command is 'git push origin '. This command sends the specified tag to the remote repository named 'origin.'
In advanced Git hook usage, what is a practical application of a 'pre-receive' hook?
- Enforcing commit message conventions
- Running tests before accepting changes
- Controlling access to the repository
- Rejecting non-fast-forward pushes
The 'pre-receive' hook is often used to enforce server-side checks before accepting changes. This can include rejecting non-fast-forward pushes, ensuring commit message conventions, or running tests to maintain code quality. Understanding the practical applications of this hook is crucial for implementing advanced Git workflows and enforcing custom rules at the server level.
How can Git be integrated with automated build systems?
- By configuring build scripts to pull code from Git repositories
- By manually copying files from Git to the build server
- By disabling version control during the build process
- By relying solely on manual code deployment
Git can be integrated into automated build systems by configuring build scripts to pull the latest code from Git repositories, ensuring an automated and streamlined build process.
How can you cherry-pick a commit from another branch into your current branch in Git?
- git pick -c
- git cherry-pick
- git apply
- git merge
The correct option is git cherry-pick . This command allows you to apply the changes introduced by the specified commit to your current branch. Cherry-picking is useful for selectively bringing in specific changes.
A team is facing an issue where a feature that previously worked is now broken. How can git bisect be used to identify the problematic commit?
- Start the bisect using git bisect start and specify a good and bad commit. Git will automatically check out a commit between them. Run tests, and based on results, mark the commit as good or bad using git bisect good or git bisect bad.
- Manually check out a commit, run tests, and mark the commit as good or bad using git bisect mark.
- Use git bisect log to view the history and identify the problematic commit manually.
- Execute git bisect run
to automate the testing process and identify the faulty commit.
Option 1 correctly describes the process of using git bisect to systematically find the commit introducing the issue by marking commits as good or bad based on test results. Other options either involve manual methods or incorrect usage of git bisect.
How can you protect sensitive data from being committed in Git?
- Use environment variables
- Encrypt the entire repository
- Add sensitive files to the .gitignore
- Use the git secure command
To protect sensitive data from being committed, you should add the sensitive files or patterns to the .gitignore file. This ensures that Git ignores these files, preventing them from being included in the version control system and shared with others.
How does Git store data?
- Git stores data in a centralized database.
- Git stores data in a distributed manner.
- Git stores data in a local cache.
- Git stores data in a relational database.
Git stores data in a distributed manner. Each user's local repository contains the entire history and data, making it highly efficient and capable of functioning independently even without a network connection.
When a merge conflict occurs, which section of the conflict markers indicates the changes from the current branch?
- <<<<<<< HEAD
- =======
- >>>>>>> branch-name
- <<<<<<< branch-name
The section <<<<<<< HEAD indicates the changes from the current branch in a merge conflict. Developers should edit the content between this marker and ======= to resolve conflicts manually.