How does Git's 'fast-forward' merge differ from a 'three-way' merge?
- Fast-forward merge applies when the branch being merged has no new commits since the base, while a three-way merge handles cases where both branches have new commits.
- Fast-forward merge is a Git command used to combine branches with a linear history, while a three-way merge is used for non-linear histories, creating a new commit that ties the histories together.
- Fast-forward merge is a synonym for three-way merge in Git, both terms refer to the same process.
- Fast-forward merge only considers changes in the working directory, whereas a three-way merge considers changes in both branches and the common ancestor.
In Git, a fast-forward merge occurs when the branch being merged has no new commits since the base, while a three-way merge is used for branches with divergent commits.
What is a tag in Git?
- A reference to a specific commit
- A branch in Git
- A merge conflict
- A file in the working directory
In Git, a tag is a reference to a specific commit. It is often used to mark a specific point in history, such as a release or a stable version. Tags are immutable and don't change with new commits.
How do you merge changes from a Subtree back into the main repository?
- Use 'git merge' with the Subtree's remote repository
- Use 'git pull' in the Subtree repository
- Use 'git subtree merge' command
- Manually copy and paste changes from Subtree
Merging changes from a Git Subtree involves using the 'git subtree merge' command. This command combines changes from the subtree repository into the main repository, maintaining history and avoiding unnecessary conflicts. Understanding subtree merging is vital for managing code modularization.
The __________ feature in Bitbucket is used for integrating with third-party services.
- Webhooks
- Pipelines
- Integrations
- Plugins
In Bitbucket, the "Webhooks" feature is used for integrating with third-party services. Webhooks allow external systems to be notified of events in the repository, facilitating integration with services like CI/CD systems or issue trackers.
In distributed teams, the git _______ command is crucial for ensuring changes are synchronized without overwriting others' work.
- pull
- merge
- fetch
- clone
The correct option is 'merge.' In distributed teams, the 'git merge' command is used to integrate changes from different branches, ensuring that modifications are synchronized without overwriting each other's work. This command plays a vital role in collaborative development workflows.
Which feature of Git can significantly improve code quality when compared to older VCS systems?
- Git hooks
- Git branches
- Git stash
- Git tags
Git branches are a powerful feature that can significantly improve code quality. They enable developers to work on isolated features or fixes, reducing the chances of conflicts and making collaboration more efficient.
How does Git's data model handle changes across different branches?
- Merge commits
- Independent snapshots
- Cherry-picking
- Branching and Merging
Git's data model represents each commit as an independent snapshot of the entire project. This allows changes across branches to be isolated, and Git efficiently handles merging these snapshots during branch integration.
The git _______ command can be used to temporarily store uncommitted changes and clear the working directory.
- stash
- save
- store
- backup
The correct option is stash. The git stash command is used to save changes that are not ready to be committed yet. It allows you to temporarily store your modifications and revert the working directory to match the last commit. This is useful when you need to switch branches or apply changes later.
A clean Git history is often maintained by using _______ to combine commits before merging.
- git squash
- git merge --squash
- git combine
- git rebase -i
The correct option is git rebase -i. Interactive rebase (-i) allows you to combine, edit, or reorder commits interactively. Squashing commits during interactive rebase helps create a cleaner and more organized Git history before merging into the main branch.
When migrating to Git, it's crucial to convert the old VCS __________ into Git commits.
- History
- Branches
- Tags
- Commits
During the migration process to Git, converting the old version control system's commits into Git commits preserves the project's history, allowing for a seamless transition and maintaining version information.