How does a Git Subtree differ from a Git Submodule?
- Independent repositories
- Nested repositories
- Code isolation
- Branch merging
Git Subtree allows you to insert an independent Git repository into a subdirectory of another Git repository, whereas Git Submodules maintain a connection to a specific commit in the external repository. Subtree includes the external repository's code directly, while Submodule references it as a separate project.
Agile development benefits from Git's __________, which allows for quick pivots in project direction.
- Branching
- Reset
- Staging
- Fast-forward
Git's branching feature is beneficial in Agile development because it enables quick pivots. Developers can create branches to experiment with new ideas without affecting the main codebase, facilitating flexibility and experimentation.
In the context of Git, what is a 'sparse checkout' and how does it improve performance with large repositories?
- Sparse checkout is a feature that fetches only the latest commit, reducing repository size.
- Sparse checkout is a mechanism for excluding specific files or directories during checkout.
- Sparse checkout allows for parallel processing of Git commands, improving speed.
- Sparse checkout reduces the number of contributors, streamlining performance.
A 'sparse checkout' in Git allows users to checkout only a subset of files or directories, reducing the size of the working directory. This is beneficial in large repositories, as it improves performance by excluding unnecessary files from the working directory.
What is the role of Git in Continuous Integration (CI) workflows?
- Facilitates version control for collaborative development
- Manages the build and deployment process
- Monitors server performance during CI
- Automates testing in the CI pipeline
Git provides version control, enabling collaboration among developers. While it's integral to CI, Git itself doesn't manage the CI workflow. CI involves automating builds, testing, and deployment, which is beyond Git's scope.
To handle large-scale code migrations efficiently, Git's __________ feature can be used to manage project dependencies.
- submodules
- stashes
- reflog
- bisect
Git's submodules feature is utilized to manage project dependencies, allowing for efficient handling of large-scale code migrations and keeping projects modular and maintainable.
A clean Git history is often maintained by using _______ to combine commits before merging.
- git squash
- git merge --squash
- git combine
- git rebase -i
The correct option is git rebase -i. Interactive rebase (-i) allows you to combine, edit, or reorder commits interactively. Squashing commits during interactive rebase helps create a cleaner and more organized Git history before merging into the main branch.
When migrating to Git, it's crucial to convert the old VCS __________ into Git commits.
- History
- Branches
- Tags
- Commits
During the migration process to Git, converting the old version control system's commits into Git commits preserves the project's history, allowing for a seamless transition and maintaining version information.
In secure Git practices, a _______ branch strategy involves using separate branches for development and production.
- feature
- release
- topic
- gitflow
The correct option is topic. In a secure Git branching strategy, using separate branches for development and production is commonly known as the "topic branch" strategy. Each feature or bug fix is developed in a topic branch before being merged into the main branches. This helps maintain a clean and stable main branch for production releases.
How can Git be configured to handle large binary files often found in database backups?
- Enabling Git LFS
- Using Git submodules
- Configuring Git to use shallow clones
- Ignoring binary files in .gitignore
Git Large File Storage (LFS) is designed to handle large binary files, making it the appropriate choice for managing files often found in database backups. Enabling Git LFS ensures that large files are stored outside the Git repository, preventing repository bloat.
How does Git's 'fast-forward' merge differ from a 'three-way' merge?
- Fast-forward merge applies when the branch being merged has no new commits since the base, while a three-way merge handles cases where both branches have new commits.
- Fast-forward merge is a Git command used to combine branches with a linear history, while a three-way merge is used for non-linear histories, creating a new commit that ties the histories together.
- Fast-forward merge is a synonym for three-way merge in Git, both terms refer to the same process.
- Fast-forward merge only considers changes in the working directory, whereas a three-way merge considers changes in both branches and the common ancestor.
In Git, a fast-forward merge occurs when the branch being merged has no new commits since the base, while a three-way merge is used for branches with divergent commits.