How can you combine multiple commits into one using Git?
- Use the git merge command with the --squash option to condense multiple commits into one before merging.
- Execute git commit --combine for the commits you want to merge, specifying the commit range.
- Use the git rebase command with the -i (interactive) option to squash, fixup, or reword commits interactively.
- Create a new branch, cherry-pick the desired commits onto it, and then merge the new branch.
Git rebase with the -i option allows for interactive rebasing, including the ability to squash commits together, providing a cleaner history.
What is the importance of Git hooks in automating tasks in CI/CD pipelines?
- Code Deployment
- Code Review
- Automated Testing
- Task Automation
Git hooks are scripts triggered by Git events, such as pre-commit or post-merge. They play a vital role in CI/CD pipelines by automating tasks like code testing and deployment, ensuring a seamless development workflow.
You're working on a feature in a separate branch and want to include recent changes from the main branch. What Git strategy should you use?
- Merge
- Rebase
- Cherry-pick
- Reset
When working on a separate branch and wanting to include recent changes from the main branch, the recommended Git strategy is to rebase. Rebasing incorporates changes from one branch into another and results in a cleaner, linear project history. Merging is another option, but it can create unnecessary merge commits. Cherry-pick and reset are not typically used for this scenario.
To remove a file from the staging area without deleting the file itself, use the command git _______.
- reset
- unstage
- rm
- discard
The correct option is unstage. This command is used to remove a file from the staging area, leaving the working directory unchanged. It allows you to unstage changes that you previously staged with git add.
What is an essential step in ensuring a smooth transition from a centralized VCS to Git?
- Train team members on Git fundamentals and best practices.
- Avoid training and let the team adapt on their own.
- Perform the migration without informing the team to minimize resistance.
- Hire external consultants to handle the transition.
Training team members on Git fundamentals and best practices is essential for a smooth transition. Avoiding training may lead to confusion, and informing and involving the team in the process helps mitigate resistance. Hiring external consultants may not address the internal team's needs effectively.
During migration to Git, what is the best strategy to preserve the commit history from the previous version control system?
- Create a mapping between old and new commits, ensuring each commit is accounted for.
- Discard the old commit history for simplicity.
- Convert all old commits into a single initial commit in Git.
- Use a third-party tool to import commits directly.
When migrating to Git, it's crucial to establish a mapping between old and new commits to preserve the commit history accurately. Discarding history or converting all commits into one may result in loss of valuable information. Using third-party tools can help in importing commits seamlessly.
The git _______ command is used to change a commit message that hasn't been pushed yet.
- commit --amend
- commit --modify
- commit --edit
- commit --change
The correct option is commit --amend. This command allows you to modify the last commit's message. It's useful when you need to make small changes or corrections to the commit message before pushing it to the remote repository.
When setting up a new remote repository, the command git remote add origin _______ is used.
- https://github.com/user/repo.git
- origin
- master
- git remote
The correct option is a. https://github.com/user/repo.git. This option represents the URL of the remote repository, and 'origin' is a common name given to the remote. While 'origin' is used in the command, it is not a placeholder for the repository URL. It's important to correctly specify the remote repository's URL when adding a remote to your local repository to establish a connection for pushing and pulling changes.
What is a common use of git stash in Git?
- Discarding changes
- Storing changes temporarily
- Applying changes to the remote repository
- Deleting the entire repository
Git stash is commonly used to temporarily store changes that are not ready to be committed. This is useful when you need to switch to a different branch or address an urgent issue, allowing you to save your work without committing it.
To see a graphical representation of the commit history, you can use git log --_______.
- graph
- oneline
- pretty
- graphoneline
The correct option is git log --graph. This option provides a graphical representation of the commit history, showing branches and merges.