What is the purpose of hash tables in data structures?
- Creating a linked list of data elements.
- Efficient data retrieval and storage by mapping keys to array indices using a hash function.
- Sorting elements based on their hash values.
- Storing data in a random order for quick access.
Hash tables are data structures that use a hash function to map keys to array indices, allowing for efficient data retrieval and storage. This structure enables constant-time average-case complexity for common operations like insertions, deletions, and searches.
You're tasked with developing a real-time chat application. Considering scalability and event-driven architecture, which server-side language would you choose and why?
- Java
- Node.js
- Python
- Ruby
For a real-time chat application requiring scalability and event-driven architecture, Node.js is a suitable choice. Its non-blocking, asynchronous nature makes it well-suited for handling numerous concurrent connections in a real-time scenario.
You're working on a project where rapid prototyping is crucial. Which framework would be most suitable and why?
- Express.js
- Flask
- Ruby on Rails
- Spring Boot
Flask, a lightweight Python web framework, is ideal for rapid prototyping. Its simplicity and flexibility allow developers to quickly build and iterate on prototypes, making it a preferred choice for projects with tight timelines.
In a scenario where a database experiences performance issues due to a high volume of reads, what optimization strategies would you consider?
- Denormalization
- Index optimization
- Query caching
- Sharding
In the context of high read volume, index optimization is a crucial strategy. It involves creating efficient indexes to speed up read queries, enhancing database performance.
What are the drawbacks of using serializability as the isolation level in database transactions?
- Enhanced data integrity
- Improved scalability
- Increased data consistency
- Reduced concurrency and performance
Serializability as the isolation level in database transactions comes with drawbacks, including reduced concurrency and performance. While it ensures strong data consistency, it may lead to contention for resources and slower processing times.
_______ is a principle in OOP that promotes the idea of coding to an interface rather than an implementation.
- Dependency Injection
- Encapsulation
- Interface Segregation
- Inversion of Control
Interface Segregation is a principle in OOP that encourages coding to an interface rather than an implementation. It emphasizes creating small, client-specific interfaces to prevent unnecessary dependencies.
In JavaScript, the console.log() method is commonly used for _______.
- Creating variables
- Mathematical calculations
- Printing output to the console
- Styling HTML elements
The console.log() method in JavaScript is commonly used for printing output to the console. It is helpful for debugging and monitoring the flow of the program.
In responsive design, a grid system helps in organizing content into _______.
- Columns
- Grids
- Modules
- Rows
In responsive design, a grid system helps in organizing content into modules. It provides a structured layout for arranging elements on a webpage, facilitating a responsive and visually appealing design.
You're building a web form where users need to upload images. Which HTML element would you use to create the file upload field?
The element is used to create a file input field in a web form. It allows users to choose and upload files, including images.
Log _______ is the process of periodically archiving or deleting old log files to conserve disk space.
- Cleanup
- Purging
- Rotation
- Truncation
Log purging is the process of periodically archiving or deleting old log files to conserve disk space. It helps maintain efficient log storage while retaining relevant data for analysis and troubleshooting.