What does the term "NoSQL" signify in database management?
- NewSQL
- Non-Simple Query Language
- Non-Specific Query Language
- Not Only SQL
"NoSQL" signifies "Not Only SQL." It represents a class of database management systems that do not strictly adhere to the traditional relational database management system principles.
Which method is used to add elements to the end of an array in JavaScript?
- pop()
- push()
- shift()
- splice()
The push() method in JavaScript is used to add elements to the end of an array. It modifies the original array by adding the specified elements.
_______ is the ability of an object to take on many forms in OOP.
- Abstraction
- Encapsulation
- Inheritance
- Polymorphism
Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. In object-oriented programming (OOP), it allows objects of different types to be treated as objects of a common type, providing flexibility and extensibility in code design.
In a distributed database system, how would you approach query optimization to minimize network latency and improve overall performance?
- Implement only vertical partitioning, Optimize queries centrally, Decrease node communication, Disable encryption on the network
- Implement sharding and partitioning, Use asynchronous communication, Optimize queries locally on each node, Increase the bandwidth of the network
- Increase network latency intentionally, Use only synchronous communication, Disable query caching, Randomly distribute data across nodes
- Use a single centralized database, Minimize the number of nodes, Decrease the network bandwidth, Increase the size of each query
In a distributed database system, optimizing queries involves implementing sharding, partitioning, and using asynchronous communication to minimize network latency. Optimizing queries locally on each node is essential for efficient distributed query processing.
_______ migration involves moving data from one storage system to another without any downtime.
- Live
- Non-disruptive
- Seamless
- Zero-Downtime
Zero-Downtime migration refers to the process of moving data from one storage system to another without any disruption or downtime in services. This ensures continuous operations during the migration.
You're tasked with optimizing a query that retrieves data from a large table. Outline the steps you would take to analyze and optimize the query.
- Analyze query execution plan, Identify and create necessary indexes, Optimize SQL queries, Monitor system resources
- Backup and restore the entire database, Use only subqueries, Disable query caching, Modify the network configuration
- Rebuild the entire database, Delete unnecessary records, Increase server memory, Change database schema
- Use NoSQL instead of SQL, Change server hardware, Reduce database security, Update all records in the table
To optimize a query, you would analyze its execution plan, identify and create necessary indexes, and optimize the SQL queries. Monitoring system resources is crucial to ensuring overall performance improvements.
Implementing _______ loading allows resources like images and scripts to be loaded asynchronously, improving overall performance.
- Asynchronous
- Parallel
- Sequential
- Synchronous
Asynchronous loading enables resources to load independently of the main page, preventing them from blocking other page elements. This contributes to faster page rendering and improved performance.
What is the purpose of hash tables in data structures?
- Creating a linked list of data elements.
- Efficient data retrieval and storage by mapping keys to array indices using a hash function.
- Sorting elements based on their hash values.
- Storing data in a random order for quick access.
Hash tables are data structures that use a hash function to map keys to array indices, allowing for efficient data retrieval and storage. This structure enables constant-time average-case complexity for common operations like insertions, deletions, and searches.
You're tasked with developing a real-time chat application. Considering scalability and event-driven architecture, which server-side language would you choose and why?
- Java
- Node.js
- Python
- Ruby
For a real-time chat application requiring scalability and event-driven architecture, Node.js is a suitable choice. Its non-blocking, asynchronous nature makes it well-suited for handling numerous concurrent connections in a real-time scenario.
You're working on a project where rapid prototyping is crucial. Which framework would be most suitable and why?
- Express.js
- Flask
- Ruby on Rails
- Spring Boot
Flask, a lightweight Python web framework, is ideal for rapid prototyping. Its simplicity and flexibility allow developers to quickly build and iterate on prototypes, making it a preferred choice for projects with tight timelines.