Constraints in DB2 ensure data integrity by enforcing rules on the data that is entered into a table. This helps maintain consistency and accuracy of data, preventing invalid or inconsistent data from being inserted. 

The WHERE clause filters rows in a SELECT statement based on a specified condition. It is used to extract only the rows that fulfill a specified condition or criteria from a table. 

The Authorization Manager in DB2 is responsible for managing user access permissions. It determines which users have access to which data and what actions they can perform on that data. By configuring the Authorization Manager, database administrators can control user access at a granular level, ensuring data security and compliance with organizational policies. 

While IBM Data Studio offers robust features, organizations may opt for alternative IDEs based on factors like scalability, as they might require solutions that can scale with their evolving needs. 

IBM Data Studio is primarily used for database development and management tasks such as creating, editing, and testing database objects like tables, views, and stored procedures. It provides a comprehensive environment for database administrators and developers to work efficiently. 

Stored procedures in DB2 can be invoked from various places within the database environment, including SQL statements, triggers, other stored procedures, and even from client applications connected to the database. 

DB2's HADR (High Availability Disaster Recovery) feature utilizes synchronous replication to synchronize data between the primary and standby servers. Synchronous replication ensures that changes made to the primary database are immediately replicated to the standby server, ensuring data consistency and minimizing the risk of data loss in the event of a disaster. 

The primary function of the Health Monitor in DB2 is to monitor the health of the database. It keeps track of various aspects such as resource usage, database availability, and potential issues that may affect the overall health of the database. By continuously monitoring these parameters, the Health Monitor helps ensure the smooth operation of the database system. 

DB2 plays a crucial role in ensuring high availability environments by providing features such as database partitioning, clustering, and automated failover mechanisms. These features minimize downtime and ensure continuous access to data, critical for mission-critical applications. 

The primary component responsible for managing data storage in DB2's architecture is the Buffer Manager. It is responsible for caching data and managing data in memory, optimizing I/O operations by reducing physical disk access. This improves the overall performance of the database system.