When you update data through a view in DB2, the update operation is applied directly to the underlying table, and the changes are reflected in both the table and the view. Views in DB2 can be updatable, meaning you can perform insert, update, and delete operations through them under certain conditions, such as the view being based on a single table and not containing certain constructs like aggregates or groupings. 

Buffer pool tuning focuses on optimizing memory utilization to ensure efficient caching of frequently accessed data, thus enhancing overall database performance. 

A full database backup in DB2 refers to a snapshot of the entire database at a specific point in time. This backup includes all the data, schema objects, and configurations necessary to restore the database to the state it was in when the backup was taken. It's essential for disaster recovery and restoring databases in case of data loss or corruption. 

Visual Explain aids in providing insights into the physical characteristics of query execution plans, such as access methods, join methods, and sorting operations, which are crucial for understanding query performance. 

IBM Data Studio facilitates performance tuning of DB2 databases through various features such as automated index optimization, query plan analysis tools, database workload simulation, and integrated database monitoring. These tools enable database administrators and developers to identify performance bottlenecks, optimize SQL queries, and enhance overall database performance. For example, the query plan analysis tools help in understanding how queries are executed, allowing for optimization of inefficient queries. Additionally, the integrated database monitoring feature provides real-time insights into database performance metrics, aiding in proactive performance tuning efforts. 

In DB2, a simple view is a virtual table whose contents are defined by a query and are not stored physically in the database. On the other hand, a materialized view is a physical copy of the result set of a query that is stored in the database. Materialized views can improve query performance by precomputing and storing the results, but they require more storage space and may not always reflect the latest data changes. 

The Health Monitor plays a pivotal role in bolstering database security and compliance efforts. By monitoring access patterns and auditing user activities, it helps identify potential security vulnerabilities and compliance gaps, allowing administrators to take proactive measures to address them. This contributes significantly to maintaining data integrity and adherence to regulatory standards. 

Data security in DB2 is enforced through encryption techniques, ensuring that sensitive information remains protected from unauthorized access. Encryption involves transforming data into a format that can only be read by authorized users, thus safeguarding against data breaches and unauthorized viewing of sensitive data. It serves as a fundamental security measure to maintain confidentiality in DB2 databases. 

Vertical denormalization involves splitting a table vertically to store different attributes in separate tables. This can improve query performance by reducing the number of columns in a table and allowing for more efficient data retrieval. However, it can also lead to increased complexity in database design and management, as it requires managing multiple tables and maintaining relationships between them. Additionally, vertical denormalization can result in increased storage requirements and potential data redundancy if not implemented carefully. Thus, while it can offer benefits in terms of query performance, it requires careful consideration and planning in database design. 

DB2 ensures XML data integrity through XML Schema validation. XML Schema validation ensures that XML data conforms to a specific structure defined by an XML Schema. This helps maintain data consistency and accuracy.