The _________ test is a non-parametric test that compares the medians of two paired groups.

  • Chi-square
  • Mann-Whitney U
  • Sign
  • Wilcoxon Signed Rank
The Wilcoxon Signed Rank test is a non-parametric test that compares the medians of two paired groups.

Why is interval estimation generally preferred over point estimation?

  • Because it gives more accurate results
  • Because it is easier to calculate
  • Because it is less affected by outliers
  • Because it provides a range of possible values rather than a single point
Interval estimation is generally preferred over point estimation because it provides a range of possible values rather than a single value. This range of values gives a better understanding of the uncertainty around the estimate, hence, it provides more information than a single point estimate.

Spearman's Rank Correlation is especially useful when the relationship between variables is ________, but not necessarily linear.

  • Bimodal
  • Monotonic
  • Negative
  • Positive
Spearman's Rank Correlation is especially useful when the relationship between variables is monotonic, but not necessarily linear. A monotonic relationship is one where the variables tend to change together, but not necessarily at a constant rate.

If the null hypothesis is true in ANOVA, the F-statistic follows a ________ distribution.

  • Binomial
  • Chi-Square
  • F
  • Normal
In ANOVA, if the null hypothesis is true, the F-statistic follows an F-distribution. The F-distribution is a probability distribution that is used most commonly in Analysis of Variance.

What does a Pearson Correlation Coefficient of 0 indicate?

  • No correlation
  • Perfect negative correlation
  • Perfect positive correlation
  • Weak positive correlation
A Pearson correlation coefficient of 0 indicates no correlation. This means that the variables are independent and there is no linear relationship between them.

In a normal distribution, about 95% of the data lies within _______ standard deviations of the mean.

  • Four
  • One
  • Three
  • Two
According to the empirical rule (also known as the 68-95-99.7 rule), in a normal distribution, about 68% of the data lies within one standard deviation of the mean, about 95% lies within two standard deviations, and about 99.7% lies within three standard deviations.

How do you diagnose multicollinearity in a multiple linear regression model?

  • By calculating the R-squared value
  • By checking the correlation matrix and Variance Inflation Factor (VIF)
  • By looking at the residual plot
  • By looking at the scatter plot
Multicollinearity is diagnosed in a multiple linear regression model by checking the correlation matrix and the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). A high correlation between independent variables and a VIF greater than 5 or 10 suggests the presence of multicollinearity.

How is the test statistic computed in the Sign Test?

  • By averaging the ranks
  • By counting the number of positive and negative signs
  • By summing the differences
  • By summing the ranks
In the Sign Test, the test statistic is computed by counting the number of positive and negative signs of the differences between paired observations.

In a box plot, the 'box' represents the ________ quartile range of the data.

  • Full
  • Inter
  • Lower
  • Upper
The 'box' in a box plot represents the interquartile range (IQR) of the data. This is the range within which the middle 50% of the data falls, calculated as the difference between the third quartile (Q3) and the first quartile (Q1).

The distribution of the sample mean will approach a normal distribution as the sample size increases, according to the _________.

  • Central Limit Theorem
  • Law of Large Numbers
  • Probability Rule
  • Sampling Distribution
According to the Central Limit Theorem, the distribution of the sample mean will approach a normal distribution as the sample size increases. Regardless of the shape of the population, the distribution of sample means taken with large enough sample size can be approximated by a normal distribution.