The _______ step in the Data Science Life Cycle is crucial for understanding how the final model will be integrated and used in the real world.
- Data Exploration
- Data Preprocessing
- Model Deployment
- Data Visualization
The "Model Deployment" step in the Data Science Life Cycle is essential for taking the data science model from development to production. It involves integrating the model into real-world applications, making it a crucial phase.
XML and JSON data formats, which can have a hierarchical structure, are examples of which type of data?
- Unstructured Data
- Semi-Structured Data
- Structured Data
- NoSQL Data
XML and JSON are examples of semi-structured data. Semi-structured data is characterized by a hierarchical structure and flexible schemas, making it a middle ground between structured and unstructured data. It is commonly used in various data exchange and storage scenarios.
Ensemble methods like Random Forest and Gradient Boosting work by combining multiple _______ to improve overall performance.
- Features
- Models
- Datasets
- Metrics
Ensemble methods, like Random Forest and Gradient Boosting, combine multiple models (decision trees in the case of Random Forest) to improve overall predictive performance. These models are trained independently and then aggregated to make predictions. The combination of models is what enhances the accuracy and robustness of the ensemble.
The process of transforming skewed data into a more Gaussian-like distribution is known as _______.
- Normalization
- Standardization
- Imputation
- Resampling
The process of transforming skewed data into a more Gaussian-like distribution is called "standardization." It involves shifting the data's distribution to have a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1, making it more amenable to certain statistical techniques.
Which method involves filling missing values in a dataset using the column's average?
- Min-Max Scaling
- Imputation with Mean
- Standardization
- Principal Component Analysis
Imputation with Mean is a common technique in Data Science to fill missing values by replacing them with the mean of the respective column. It helps maintain the integrity of the dataset by using the column's central tendency.
In the context of data warehousing, which process is responsible for periodically loading fresh data into the data warehouse?
- Data Extraction
- Data Transformation
- Data Loading
- Data Integration
Data Loading is the process responsible for periodically loading fresh data into the data warehouse. It involves taking the data extracted from source systems, transforming it into the appropriate format, and then loading it into the data warehouse for analysis and reporting. Data Extraction, Transformation, and Integration are important steps in this process but are not solely responsible for loading data into the warehouse.
What is the primary purpose of using activation functions in neural networks?
- To add complexity to the model
- To control the learning rate
- To introduce non-linearity in the model
- To speed up the training process
The primary purpose of activation functions in neural networks is to introduce non-linearity into the model. Without non-linearity, neural networks would reduce to linear regression models, limiting their ability to learn complex patterns in data. Activation functions enable neural networks to approximate complex functions and make them suitable for a wide range of tasks.
Which type of learning uses labeled data to make predictions or classifications?
- Supervised Learning
- Unsupervised Learning
- Semi-Supervised Learning
- Reinforcement Learning
Supervised Learning is the type of learning that uses labeled data. In this approach, a model is trained on a dataset with known outcomes, allowing it to make predictions or classifications. It's commonly used for tasks like regression and classification in Data Science.
A media company is trying to understand the preferences and viewing habits of their audience. They have a lot of raw data and need insights and visualizations to make strategic decisions. Who would be the most appropriate person to handle this task from the Data Science team?
- Data Scientist
- Data Analyst
- Data Visualizer
- Business Analyst
Data Visualizers are experts in creating insights and visualizations from raw data. They have a deep understanding of data visualization techniques, which is crucial for understanding audience preferences and viewing habits and making strategic decisions based on visualized insights.
The _______ is a component of the Hadoop ecosystem that manages and monitors workloads across a cluster.
- HDFS
- YARN
- Pig
- Hive
The blank should be filled with "YARN." YARN (Yet Another Resource Negotiator) is responsible for resource management and workload monitoring in Hadoop clusters. It plays a crucial role in managing and scheduling jobs across the cluster.