In document-based modeling, what is denormalization and how does it differ from normalization?

  • It is the process of optimizing for both read and write operations, eliminating redundancy
  • It is the process of optimizing for data storage, maximizing redundancy for reliability
  • It is the process of optimizing for read operations, minimizing redundancy for consistency
  • It is the process of optimizing for write operations, introducing redundancy for performance
Denormalization in document-based modeling involves introducing redundancy to optimize for write operations, improving performance by reducing the need for complex joins. This is in contrast to normalization, which aims to minimize redundancy for consistency and optimize for read operations.

Scenario: A team of data modelers is working on a project. They need to ensure that changes made by one team member do not conflict with changes made by another. Which feature of version control would be most helpful in this situation?

  • Branching
  • Check-in/check-out
  • Merging
  • Version tagging
In this scenario, the feature of version control that would be most helpful is "Branching." Branching allows team members to work on separate copies (branches) of the data model, making changes independently. Once changes are complete, they can be merged back into the main branch, minimizing conflicts.

Database design tools aid in maintaining _______ throughout the database development process.

  • Data consistency
  • Hardware performance
  • System security
  • User interface
Database design tools aid in maintaining data consistency throughout the database development process. Ensuring data consistency is crucial for accurate and reliable information storage and retrieval within the database, contributing to the overall integrity of the system.

Scenario: An e-commerce platform needs to store product information, including images, descriptions, and pricing details. The platform wants to scale seamlessly as the number of products increases. Which database model would best suit this requirement and why?

  • Columnar Database
  • NoSQL Database
  • Object-Oriented Database
  • Relational Database
A NoSQL Database would be the best fit for this scenario. NoSQL databases, especially those designed for document storage, provide scalability and flexibility for handling diverse product information. The ability to store and retrieve complex data, including images and descriptions, aligns well with the requirements of an e-commerce platform.

In Dimensional Modeling, a _______ table contains descriptive attributes used for analysis.

  • Dimension
  • Fact
  • Lookup
  • Reference
In Dimensional Modeling, a Dimension table contains descriptive attributes used for analysis. These attributes provide context and additional information about the measures in the Fact table. For example, in a sales data warehouse, a Date Dimension table might contain attributes like year, quarter, and month.

In a Key-Value Store, the _______ is used to uniquely identify each value.

  • Index
  • Key
  • Key
  • Value
In a Key-Value Store, the Key is used to uniquely identify each value. The key serves as a unique identifier that allows efficient retrieval of the associated value. This simplicity is one of the key advantages of Key-Value Stores.

How does data redundancy compare between a Star Schema and a Snowflake Schema?

  • Both schemas have equal data redundancy
  • Data redundancy is not applicable to either schema
  • Snowflake Schema has higher data redundancy
  • Star Schema has higher data redundancy
Snowflake Schema typically has higher data redundancy compared to a Star Schema. In a Snowflake Schema, data is normalized into multiple tables, resulting in more duplicate data across different tables. In contrast, a Star Schema denormalizes data into a single table for each dimension, reducing redundancy.

The process of rearranging the physical order of records on disk to match the index order is called _______.

  • Clustering
  • Defragmentation
  • Reorganization
  • Sorting
Clustering is the process of rearranging the physical order of records on disk to match the index order. This improves data retrieval efficiency, especially when using direct indexing methods.

How does a Key-Value Store differ from a traditional relational database?

  • Organizes data as key-value pairs without a fixed schema
  • Stores data in tables with predefined schema
  • Supports transactions and ACID properties
  • Utilizes complex join operations for querying
A Key-Value Store differs from a traditional relational database by organizing data as key-value pairs without a fixed schema. This provides flexibility, as each record can have different attributes without adhering to a predefined structure, making it suitable for scenarios with evolving or unpredictable data models.

_______ allows users to work on different versions of the data model simultaneously.

  • Branching
  • Locking
  • Merging
  • Versioning
Branching in version control allows users to work on different versions of the data model simultaneously. Each branch represents a separate line of development, enabling parallel work without interfering with the main model until changes are merged.