The CAP theorem in NoSQL databases states that it is impossible to achieve all three of Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance simultaneously. Understanding this theorem is crucial in making design decisions related to data consistency in distributed systems.

Time-Series databases are optimized for write-heavy workloads, making them suitable for scenarios where data is constantly changing, such as real-time analytics and monitoring. These databases efficiently handle data that evolves over time, like sensor readings or event logs.

Database design tools simplify the process of generating SQL scripts by allowing users to create a visual model of the database structure. The tool then translates this visual representation into the corresponding SQL statements, saving time and reducing the likelihood of errors in manual script writing.

In an ERD, superclasses are represented by diamonds, and subclasses by rectangles. The diamond symbolizes the generalization relationship, illustrating that the subclass inherits attributes from the superclass.

Version control features in ER diagram tools allow the team to automatically track changes, providing a history of modifications. This enables the team to manage the evolution of the database schema, understand who made specific changes, and roll back to previous versions if needed. It ensures collaboration without the risk of conflicting changes.

The primary query language used in document-based databases is BSON (Binary JSON). BSON is a binary representation of JSON-like documents and is the format used to store and query data in databases like MongoDB. It allows for complex queries and efficient storage of diverse data types.

In database modeling, a superclass is a high-level table that shares common attributes with one or more lower-level tables, known as subclasses. It allows for the representation of generalization and specialization relationships in a database.

Type 2 SCD maintains historical data by adding historical columns to the dimension table. This includes fields like start date, end date, or version number to track changes over time and preserve historical information about the dimension's attributes.

Data partitioning is employed to enhance performance in distributed systems. It involves dividing large datasets into smaller, more manageable partitions, distributed across multiple nodes. This aids in parallel processing and efficient utilization of resources, ultimately boosting system performance.

The eventual consistency model in NoSQL databases prioritizes availability over consistency. It allows for temporary inconsistencies between distributed nodes, aiming to provide high availability and fault tolerance in scenarios where immediate consistency is not crucial.