Data Marts typically have larger data volumes compared to the broader-scoped Data Warehouses. However, Data Marts have narrower specificity, focusing on a subset of data relevant to a specific business unit or department. This allows for more targeted and efficient analysis.

The process of decomposing a relation into smaller relations that meet normalization requirements is known as decomposition. It involves breaking down a table into smaller, more manageable tables to achieve higher normal forms and improve data integrity.

One advantage of using a Key-Value Store is its ability to handle write-intensive workloads efficiently. Key-Value Stores are optimized for simple read and write operations, making them well-suited for scenarios where write operations are frequent and need to be executed quickly.

In column-family stores, data storage occurs in a column-wise manner. Unlike traditional row-wise storage, where entire rows are stored together, column-family stores organize data by columns. This facilitates efficient retrieval of specific columnar data, making it suitable for scenarios where selective data retrieval is common.

For a healthcare organization consolidating patient records, a Data Warehouse is more suitable. It allows integration of data from diverse sources while ensuring data privacy and compliance. A Data Warehouse's centralized nature facilitates comprehensive analytics, providing insights across departments while maintaining necessary controls.

The SELECT statement in SQL is used to retrieve data from a database. It allows you to specify the columns you want to retrieve and the conditions for selecting specific rows. This statement is fundamental for querying and extracting information from a database.

MySQL Workbench has a built-in support for creating Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERDs), which is an advantage over Microsoft Visio for database design purposes. ERDs are essential for visualizing and planning the relationships between entities in a database.

Dimension tables typically contain categorical data that provides context to the metrics in the fact table. Categorical data helps in categorizing and organizing information, allowing for meaningful analysis and reporting. Dimension tables are linked to the fact table through keys, creating a relationship between descriptive information and measurable metrics.

Query optimization is more challenging in a Snowflake Schema due to its normalized structure. The need for multiple joins between normalized tables can impact query performance compared to a Star Schema, where denormalization simplifies queries but may introduce redundancy.

Conflict resolution is a technique employed in collaborative data modeling to address conflicts that may arise when multiple users make changes to the same model simultaneously. It involves strategies such as merging changes, prioritizing modifications, or notifying users of conflicts.