An organization implements a new software solution and within a week receives a message on their server stating that their data has been encrypted and will only be released upon payment. Which type of cybersecurity threat is this scenario depicting?
- Data Breach
- Phishing Attack
- Ransomware Attack
- Zero-Day Exploit
This scenario depicts a ransomware attack. Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts a victim's data and demands a ransom for the decryption key. It is a serious cybersecurity threat that can lead to data loss and financial losses.
In the context of operating systems, what is the primary purpose of a security policy?
- Control system updates
- Define rules and guidelines for system security
- Manage user accounts
- Optimize system performance
In the context of operating systems, a security policy's primary purpose is to define rules and guidelines for system security. It outlines what actions are allowed and what is prohibited, helping to protect the system from unauthorized access, data breaches, and other security threats. Security policies are crucial for maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of a computer system.
HIPAA’s Privacy Rule establishes national standards to protect what kind of individual information?
- Financial data
- Personal communication records
- Protected health information (PHI)
- Social Security numbers
HIPAA's Privacy Rule establishes national standards to protect Protected Health Information (PHI). PHI includes health records, medical history, patient identifiers, and other health-related data. These regulations are crucial for ensuring the privacy and security of sensitive health information.
A piece of malware designed to spread across networks by exploiting vulnerabilities in networked devices is called a _______.
- Ransomware
- Trojan Horse
- Virus
- Worm
A worm is a type of malware that is designed to self-replicate and spread across networks by exploiting vulnerabilities in networked devices. Unlike viruses, worms don't need a host file to propagate.
An effective incident reporting procedure should prioritize which aspect to ensure timely remediation?
- Incident Classification
- Incident Escalation
- Incident Identification
- Incident Notification
An effective incident reporting procedure should prioritize incident classification to ensure timely remediation. Properly classifying incidents based on their severity and impact helps in allocating resources efficiently. Critical incidents can be addressed with higher priority, leading to timely remediation and reduced potential damage.
What differentiates SCP from SFTP in terms of functionality and usage?
- SCP and SFTP are identical in functionality and usage.
- SCP is a file transfer protocol that only supports file transfer. SFTP, on the other hand, is an interactive file transfer protocol that also allows file and directory manipulation, remote file viewing, and more.
- SCP is a more secure version of SFTP.
- SCP is a text-based protocol, whereas SFTP is binary-based.
SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) and SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) have distinct differences in functionality. SCP is primarily for file transfer, while SFTP is more versatile, offering interactive features like file management and remote access.
A company wants to ensure that their inter-branch communication over the internet is secure, confidential, and has data integrity. Which protocol would best serve this purpose?
- FTP
- HTTP
- HTTPS
- Telnet
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is a secure communication protocol that provides encryption, data integrity, and confidentiality over the internet.
An attacker sets up a rogue wireless access point with the same SSID as a legitimate network to trick users into connecting to it. What is this type of attack called?
- Brute Force Attack
- Denial-of-Service Attack
- Man-in-the-Middle Attack
- Phishing Attack
This is a "Man-in-the-Middle Attack" where the attacker intercepts communication between a user and a legitimate network by positioning themselves between them.
What is the primary purpose of a software patch?
- Add new features
- Enhance user interface
- Fix software vulnerabilities
- Improve system performance
The primary purpose of a software patch is to fix software vulnerabilities. Software vulnerabilities can be exploited by malicious actors to compromise a system's security. Patches are essential for maintaining a secure and stable software environment.
Which VPN protocol operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model and is often used for remote access?
- IPsec
- L2TP
- OpenVPN
- PPTP
The VPN protocol that operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model is "L2TP" (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol), which is commonly used for remote access VPN connections.