In a switch statement, if there is no break statement after a case, what will happen?
- The program will continue to execute the code in subsequent cases until a break statement is encountered
- The program will generate a compilation error
- The program will skip the current case and move to the default case
- The program will throw a runtime exception
In C# and many other programming languages, when there is no break statement after a case, program execution will "fall through" to subsequent cases. This means that all code under subsequent case labels will be executed until a break statement is encountered or the switch statement ends. This behavior can be intentional when multiple cases should share the same code block.
Which control structure in C++ allows for multiple outcomes based on the value of an expression?
- for loop
- if statement
- switch statement
- while loop
The switch statement in C++ is used to select one choice among many based on the value of a given expression. It allows for multiple outcomes based on different constant integral values.
If the function is a member of a class, and default values are provided at function _______, then these default values become part of the class.
- class declaration
- class definition
- function declaration
- function definition
When default values are provided at the function definition within a class, these defaults become part of the class and are associated with that function. They affect how instances of the class behave when using that function.
Maria is writing a program to print numbers from 1 to 10. Which loop would be the most straightforward for this purpose?
- do-while loop
- for loop
- switch loop
- while loop
Maria should use a for loop for this task. A for loop is designed for iterating over a range of values, making it the most straightforward choice for printing numbers from 1 to 10. It allows precise control over the iteration.
Robert observed a strange behavior in his program where the default value of a function argument inside a member function of a class wasn't recognized. Where might he have defined the default value to cause this issue?
- In a Separate Header File
- In a Separate Source File
- Inside the Class Declaration
- Inside the Function Definition
Robert might have defined the default value of the function argument inside the class declaration. In C++, default values for function arguments should be specified in the function declaration, not in the class declaration. Placing them in the class declaration would cause issues with recognition.
How does a break statement inside a nested loop behave?
- It causes a runtime error.
- It exits all loops in the current iteration.
- It exits only the innermost loop.
- It terminates the entire program.
A break statement inside a nested loop will exit only the innermost loop where it's encountered. This behavior allows you to break out of the current loop level without affecting outer loops. If needed, you can label loops to specify which loop to break out of explicitly.
Lisa is defining two functions with the same name and parameters but a different return type. She believes she is using function overloading. Is she correct?
- No, she is not using function overloading.
- She is defining a template function.
- She is using function overriding.
- Yes, she is using function overloading.
Lisa is not using function overloading. Function overloading is based on different parameter types or a different number of parameters. Having the same name and parameters with only different return types is not allowed in C++, as it would lead to ambiguity.
What is the default value of an uninitialized integer variable in C++?
- -1
- 0
- 1
- Undefined
In C++, the default value of an uninitialized integer variable is undefined. It means if you declare an integer variable and do not assign a value to it, then its value is anything; it can be any garbage value. Relying on or using this value leads to unpredictable results and is considered a bad programming practice.
Alice has a configuration setting that can have five possible values. Instead of using a long if-else structure, what would be a more elegant and readable approach to process the configuration setting?
- Using a dictionary or a key-value store
- Using a loop
- Using a nested if-else structure
- Using a switch statement
When dealing with a configuration setting that has multiple possible values, using a dictionary or a key-value store is a more elegant and readable approach. This allows for direct mapping of configuration values to specific actions or settings, improving code maintainability and readability.
Olivia's program requires monitoring real-time data, and she needs to keep a loop running indefinitely to process incoming data. However, she is concerned about performance overhead. What best practice can she adopt?
- Employ asynchronous programming
- Implement a busy-wait loop
- Use a sleep or delay function
- Use multiple threads
To minimize performance overhead while keeping a loop running indefinitely for real-time data processing, Olivia should adopt the best practice of employing asynchronous programming. Asynchronous programming allows the program to continue processing other tasks while waiting for incoming data, reducing the need for a busy-wait loop or excessive CPU usage. It's a more efficient way to handle real-time data without wasting system resources.