Alex is developing a mathematical expression evaluator and wants to handle both unary and binary minus operators. Which consideration related to operator precedence should he keep in mind?
- Binary operators have higher precedence than unary operators
- Both unary and binary operators have the same precedence
- Precedence is not relevant for handling operators
- Unary operators have higher precedence than binary operators
Alex should remember that unary operators, like the unary minus (-), typically have higher precedence than binary operators. This means that expressions like "-3 * 2" should be evaluated as "(-3) * 2" rather than "-(3 * 2)."
Consider a function declared with default arguments. If we provide a lesser number of arguments than expected when calling the function, how are the provided arguments matched?
- Arguments are matched based on data types.
- Arguments are matched from left to right.
- Arguments are matched from right to left.
- Compiler throws an error.
When calling a function with default arguments, the provided arguments are matched from left to right. If you provide fewer arguments, the remaining ones are matched with their corresponding default values, if any.
Lucy wants to declare a function that can add two numbers but doesn't want to specify how it does it. What should she provide?
- Function Argument
- Function Call
- Function Declaration
- Function Definition
Lucy should provide a function declaration. A function declaration defines the function's name, return type, and parameter list without specifying the actual implementation or logic. This allows her to declare the function's existence and signature without writing the code for adding two numbers.
What happens if an inline function is called inside a loop?
- The function is executed for each iteration of the loop
- The function is executed only once
- The loop becomes an infinite loop
- The loop will not compile
When an inline function is called inside a loop, the function is executed for each iteration of the loop. This can potentially lead to code bloat if the function is large, but it can also result in better performance as there is no function call overhead.
Function overloading allows multiple functions to have the same name but with a different ______.
- Access Modifier
- Namespace
- Return Type
- Scope
Function overloading primarily focuses on the function's parameter list, allowing you to have multiple functions with the same name but varying parameter types or numbers. The return type is not considered when distinguishing between overloaded functions.
The concept where the function's return type is deduced from its return statements in C++11 is called ______.
- auto
- decltype
- inferred
- deducetype
The concept where the function's return type is deduced from its return statements in C++11 is called 'auto.' Using 'auto' for return types allows C++ to automatically deduce the type based on the return statement's expression. It's a powerful feature that simplifies code and improves readability.
Carlos is designing a header-only library. Why might he use inline functions in this scenario?
- Avoid Multiple Definitions
- Enable Polymorphism
- Improve Code Organization
- Reduce Compilation Time
Carlos might use inline functions in a header-only library to avoid multiple definitions. When a header file is included in multiple source files, it can lead to linker errors due to multiple function definitions. Marking functions as inline allows them to be defined in the header itself without violating the one-definition rule, preventing linker errors. This is crucial for header-only libraries that need to be included in multiple translation units.
Inline functions should primarily be used for functions that are ______.
- Complex
- Frequently called
- Rarely used
- Short
Inline functions should primarily be used for functions that are frequently called. The decision to mark a function as inline should be based on how often it's called, as inlining is most beneficial when used with functions that are called frequently to reduce the function call overhead.
Lisa has a function that calculates the area of a rectangle. She wants to modify the function such that if only one argument is provided, it calculates the area of a square. Which C++ feature can help her achieve this?
- Default Arguments
- Function Overloading
- Operator Overloading
- Type Conversion
Lisa can use Default Arguments in C++ to modify her function. By assigning a default value to one of the function's parameters, she can make it so that if only one argument is provided, it calculates the area of a square by using the default value as the second argument.
Emily is writing a function to calculate the factorial of a number using a loop. Which loop structure would be the most appropriate for this task?
- Do-While Loop
- For Loop
- Switch Statement
- While Loop
Emily should use a "For Loop" to calculate the factorial of a number. A "For Loop" is well-suited for tasks that involve iterating a specific number of times, such as calculating the factorial of a number, where she can easily control the loop's start, end, and iteration conditions. She can iterate through the numbers from 1 to the given number, multiplying them together to calculate the factorial.