In C++, which operator is used for member selection in pointers?
- -> (Arrow)
- . (Dot)
- :: (Scope Resolution)
- N/A
The -> (Arrow) operator is used in C++ to access members of an object or struct through a pointer. For instance, if you have a pointer to a struct ptr and want to access its member x, you can do so using ptr->x.
John writes the entire logic of his function within the header file. What part of the function did he write?
- Function Call
- Function Header
- Function Implementation
- Function Prototype
John wrote the function implementation within the header file. The function implementation contains the actual logic and code that defines how the function performs its task. Writing the entire logic in the header file is not a typical practice and may lead to code organization issues.
Sarah has a library of functions, and she wants to share only what the functions do, not how they do it. What should she share with others?
- Function Comments
- Function Declarations
- Function Definitions
- Function Parameters
Sarah should share the Function Declarations with others. Function Declarations provide information about the name, parameters, and return type of a function without revealing the actual implementation details. This allows users of the library to understand how to use the functions without being concerned about their internal workings.
Robert wants to write a function that can either accept two parameters or three. What feature of C++ should he use to achieve this?
- Function Overloading
- Function Pointers
- Template Functions
- Inheritance
Robert should use "Function Overloading" to write a function that can accept either two or three parameters. Function overloading allows him to define multiple functions with the same name in the same scope but with different parameter lists. The compiler will then determine which function to call based on the number or types of arguments passed to it. This flexibility enables Robert to create a single function name with different parameter options.
A ______ statement can be used as a control structure to repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a particular condition remains true.
- For
- If
- Switch
- While
In programming, a "while" statement is a control structure that creates a loop. It repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a specified condition remains true. This is useful for scenarios where you want to perform an action multiple times until a certain condition is met.
Where are inline functions expanded?
- At the calling point
- In a separate source file
- In a shared library
- In the header file
Inline functions are expanded at the calling point. When you use the inline keyword, the compiler replaces the function call with the actual function code at the location where the function is called, reducing the overhead of a traditional function call.
Maria wrote a function that has a default argument. She noticed that sometimes it uses the default value, while other times it uses the value she provides. What could be the possible reason for this behavior?
- Compilation Error
- Compiler Optimization
- Incorrect Function Call
- Incorrect Function Definition
The possible reason for Maria's function sometimes using the default value and other times using the value she provides is an Incorrect Function Call. If she calls the function without providing an argument for the parameter with the default value, it will use the default value. However, if she explicitly provides an argument, the provided value will be used.
When a function is called recursively for a purpose other than for a placeholder purpose, it's termed as ______ recursion.
- Direct
- Head
- Indirect
- Tail
When a function calls itself as its last operation before returning, it's called 'tail recursion.' Tail recursion is often optimized by compilers, making it an efficient way to implement certain algorithms, like calculating factorials or traversing data structures.
How does the compiler handle the default value of a function argument if it's not provided in a function call?
- It assigns a random value
- It assigns a value of 0
- It assigns the default value specified in the function declaration
- It raises a compilation error
It assigns the default value specified in the function declaration. When a function argument with a default value is not provided in a function call, the compiler assigns the value specified in the function's declaration. This behavior ensures that functions can be called with missing arguments.
Robert notices that in a certain switch-case structure in his program, two different cases seem to execute sequentially without a break. What could be the reason behind this behavior?
- Compiler error
- Improper case order
- Incorrect switch statement
- Missing break statements
The reason behind two different cases executing sequentially without a break is most likely missing break statements within the cases. In a switch-case structure, if a break statement is omitted, execution will "fall through" to the next case. Robert should ensure that each case has the appropriate break statement to exit the switch statement after execution.