An abstract class in C++ is a class that contains at least one pure virtual function. This means the class cannot be instantiated and is meant to be inherited by other classes that provide implementations for the pure virtual functions.

When using switch-case statements with enumerated types, if a new enumerator is added to the enumeration and not correspondingly handled in the switch statement, it can lead to potential issues or bugs. This is because the switch might not have a case for the new enumerator, and if there's no default case or if the default case doesn't handle it appropriately, the program can behave unpredictably.

If an exception is thrown but not caught anywhere in the program, the special function terminate() is called in C++. By default, terminate() ends the program. However, a programmer can change the function that gets called by using set_terminate().

The inline keyword is a suggestion to the compiler, not a command. While compilers use their heuristics to decide, functions with recursion are typically not inlined because inlining recursive functions can lead to significant code bloat and possible stack overflow issues.

In C++, the '/' operator is used for division. If used between two integers, it will perform integer division; with floats or doubles, it performs standard division.

When defining a struct in C++, the compiler will implicitly provide a default constructor if no constructors are explicitly defined. However, it won't automatically provide virtual destructors, overloaded operators, or private members without explicit definitions.

Using the goto statement without careful consideration can lead to "spaghetti code", which is a term for code that is tangled and difficult to follow or maintain due to excessive jumps.

The static_assert mechanism, combined with type traits, allows for compile-time checks. By using static_assert along with type traits like std::is_arithmetic, it's possible to generate clear, intentional compiler errors if a user tries to instantiate a template with a non-numeric type, thus providing instant feedback to the user.

The bool data type is specifically designed in C++ to store boolean values, which can be either true or false. Using other data types like int, char, or double for boolean values would be inefficient and not semantically clear. Thus, bool is the most appropriate choice for this purpose.

In C++, the this pointer is used within a class's member function to refer to the invoking object of that function. It's an implicit parameter to all member functions and contains the memory address of the current object, allowing for operations on the calling object itself.