In C++, dynamic memory allocation for objects is achieved using the new operator. Unlike malloc in C, new in C++ initializes the allocated memory.

The "Diamond Problem" arises in object-oriented languages that support multiple inheritance. If a class is derived from two classes that have a common base class, the derived class may inherit the same member more than once.

Function overloading in C++ allows multiple functions with the same name but different parameters (types and/or number). They must be in the same scope. Return type alone cannot be used to distinguish overloaded functions, and both member and non-member functions can be overloaded.

Stack unwinding in C++ refers to the process that takes place when an exception is thrown, and control is transferred from the point of the throw statement to the handler. During this, all the local objects in the intervening frames are properly destroyed.

In a void function, the return statement doesn't return a value but can be used to exit the function prematurely. For instance, in certain conditions, if there's no need to execute the rest of the function, a return statement can be used to exit out, improving efficiency and logic clarity.

While the C++ Standard Template Library (STL) provides containers for dynamic arrays (vector), linked lists (list), and hash maps (unordered_map), there's no direct implementation for a binary tree. Trees are represented using set, map, multiset, and multimap, but they are based on balanced binary search trees (like Red-Black Trees) rather than generic binary trees.

Memory profiling tools, like Valgrind, inspect a program's memory usage in real-time and can identify where memory is being allocated but not released. By pinpointing the exact location of leaks, developers can focus their efforts on specific parts of the code, rather than resorting to broad changes or extensive manual checks.

In this scenario, the modulus operator (%) is essential. When dividing the bonus points by the number of players, the modulus operator gives the remainder, which represents the number of leftover points that can't be evenly distributed among the players. This allows the game to allocate bonus points fairly and determine if there are any undistributed points.

A function with a void return type doesn't return any value. It is often used for functions that perform an action but do not need to send a result back to the caller.

Encapsulation is a core concept in object-oriented programming. Its primary purpose in C++ and other OOP languages is to hide the internal representation, or state, of an object from the outside and to bundle the data (attributes) and the methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit, thus hiding complexity.