In a static routing table, routes are manually configured by the network administrator. This means that specific routes are explicitly defined and do not change unless modified by the administrator. Dynamic routing tables, on the other hand, are automatically updated based on network conditions and protocols. Adaptive routing refers to a routing algorithm's ability to change routes dynamically based on network congestion or failures. Centralized routing is a concept related to network architecture rather than routing table configuration.

The console.log() function is used to output data to the console in JavaScript. Option 3 is the correct syntax for using this function to log data to the console, making it the right choice.

The OSI Model facilitates interoperability by offering a standardized framework that allows different networking technologies to communicate seamlessly. This model defines distinct layers, each with specific functions, enabling devices from diverse vendors to interoperate effectively.

NgModule in Angular is used to organize and consolidate related modules, components, directives, pipes, and services. It also defines metadata such as routing and providers for dependency injection.

Interpolation search and binary search are both searching algorithms used to find a target value within a sorted array or list. Binary search has a worst-case time complexity of O(log n), making it highly efficient for large datasets. On the other hand, interpolation search is an improvement over binary search, especially when the data being searched is uniformly distributed. It achieves an average time complexity of O(log log n) under ideal conditions, making it faster in scenarios where the data is evenly spaced. However, interpolation search requires the data to be sorted, and its performance can degrade to O(n) in worst-case scenarios if the data distribution is skewed. Additionally, interpolation search is adaptive, meaning it can adjust its search range based on the target value's estimated position, potentially improving performance further. Understanding these complexities helps in choosing the most appropriate search algorithm based on the nature of the data and distribution characteristics.

Batching is a technique used in RESTful APIs where multiple requests are combined into a single request to improve efficiency and reduce overhead. This is particularly useful when a client needs to make several related requests to the server, as it reduces the number of round-trips required between the client and the server, thereby improving performance.

A mutex is a synchronization primitive that allows only one thread to access a resource at a time, preventing data races and ensuring thread safety.

Option 3 suggests using atomic operations and compare-and-swap (CAS) instructions for lock-free updates to the linked list. This approach ensures data consistency in a real-time environment without introducing overhead from locking mechanisms or copy-on-write strategies. Atomic operations guarantee that updates are performed atomically, preventing race conditions and maintaining efficiency in frequent data updates.

SSL/TLS protocols are implemented at the Transport layer (Layer 4) in the TCP/IP model. The SSL/TLS handshake establishes a secure connection, ensuring encryption and data integrity. Using SSL/TLS certificates and handshakes is fundamental for secure web communication. HTTPS is HTTP over SSL/TLS, providing security for web applications. SSL termination decrypts traffic at the server. While important, it's a specific implementation detail and not the core mechanism for SSL/TLS security.

In a paged memory management system, each page from the virtual memory is mapped to a corresponding frame in physical memory. This mapping allows the operating system to manage memory efficiently by moving pages between main memory (RAM) and secondary storage (usually disk). Frames represent fixed-size blocks of physical memory that can hold a single page.